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Identity (social science)

society Maturity 11-13 Next article →

Identity is the set of things that make a person unique. It includes your beliefs, your look, and your personality. It also includes the groups you belong to. You might have a religious, national, or job identity. These things help you find direction in life. They also help you set goals for the future.

Identity starts when you are a child. It can change as you grow up. Some parts of identity are hard to change. This includes your family or your race. Other parts can change based on your situation.

Erik Erikson was a person who studied this. He said identity is an ongoing process. He thought people face big questions during their teenage years. Some people explore many options before they decide who they are. Others pick an identity without looking at other choices.

James Marcia also studied this. He looked at how people explore and make commitments. Some people explore many things and then commit. This is called identity achievement. Other people avoid making any choices at all. This is called identity diffusion. Knowing who you are helps you feel like you belong to a group.

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