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Ibadan

geography Maturity 7-9 Next article →

Ibadan is a huge and busy city in southwestern Nigeria. It is the capital of Oyo State. The city sits in a place called the tropical forest zone. It is located inland, northeast of the coastal city of Lagos.

Oyo State Secretariat
Oyo State Secretariat

Ibadan is also southwest of Abuja, which is the capital of Nigeria. The city is very large by land area. It covers about 3,080 square kilometres. This makes it the largest city in Nigeria by size. About 4.3 million people live in the metropolitan area.

Mokola, Ibadan
Mokola, Ibadan

The land around the city has many interesting shapes. There are hills that rise from 160 to 275 meters high. A large north-south ridge crosses through the middle of the city.

Bower Memorial Tower
Bower Memorial Tower

Water is also very important here. Five different rivers flow through or near the city. These include the Ona, Ogbere, Ogunpa, Kudeti, and Osun rivers. The Ogunpa River is a long stream that is about 12.76 km long.

Cocoa House, Ibadan
Cocoa House, Ibadan

The weather stays mostly warm all year. There is a long wet season from March to October. This season has two peaks in June and September. The dry season happens from November to February. During this time, the city feels the harmattan wind.

Ibadan has a very old and powerful history. It began in 1829 during a time of trouble in Yorubaland. The name comes from the phrase "Eba-Odan." This means "by the edge of the meadow."

A man named Lagelu is said to have founded the city. It was first used as a camp for warriors. Because of its hills, it was a good place for defense. It was even called "gun base" because of its military strength. In the 1800s, it was a republic led by chiefs. One of these important roles was even held by a woman.

Over the years, the city changed how it grew. In the 1890s, it became a British Protectorate. Later, the business of cocoa became very important. This brought many traders to the city from places like Lagos and Kano.

Front view of Mapo Hall, Ibadan
Front view of Mapo Hall, Ibadan

The city grew from a small area into a massive urban center. In 1960, when Nigeria became independent, Ibadan was the largest city in the country. It was also the second-largest city in all of Africa, behind Cairo. Today, it is still growing very fast. It is one of the fastest-growing cities in sub-Saharan Africa.

The central bank of Nigeria, Oyo state branch, Nigeria
The central bank of Nigeria, Oyo state branch, Nigeria

Today, Ibadan is a center for many different things. It is a major place for research and big business. The Dugbe district is the heart of commerce and has many banks.

Trenchard Hall, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
Trenchard Hall, University of Ibadan, Nigeria

The city is also great for new ideas. It ranks high in West Africa for tech startups. In 2016, it joined the UNESCO Global Network of Learning Cities. Many different groups of people live there together. You can find Yoruba, Igbo, Hausa, and many other communities. People visit to see landmarks like Mapo Hall or the University of Ibadan. It remains a very important part of Nigeria's future.

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🖼️ Images & Media (9)
File:Oyo State Secretariat.jpg
Oyo State Secretariat.jpg
File:Church and mission-house at Ibadan 1850'szleffezChurch and mission-house at Ibadan Seventeen years in the Yoruba country Memorials of Anna Hinderer pre colonial africa nigeria town city architecture history past.jpg
Church and mission-house at Ibadan...
File:The central bank of Nigeria, Oyo state branch, Nigeria.jpg
The central bank of Nigeria, Oyo state...
File:Mokola, Ibadan.jpg
Mokola, Ibadan.jpg
File:Front view of Mapo Hall, Ibadan.jpg
Front view of Mapo Hall, Ibadan.jpg
File:Cocoa House, Ibadan.JPG
Cocoa House, Ibadan.JPG
File:Bower Memorial Tower.jpg
Bower Memorial Tower.jpg
File:Trenchard Hall, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.jpg
Trenchard Hall, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.jpg
Short Oral history of Ibadan in Ibadan...
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