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Holland

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Holland is a special region in the west of the Netherlands.

COMITATUS HOLLANDIAE 1682
COMITATUS HOLLANDIAE 1682

It sits right by the North Sea at the mouths of the Rhine and Meuse rivers. To the south, you will find Zealand. To the east, the land meets the IJsselmeer lake. The region is made of two provinces called North Holland and South Holland.

Provincie Noord-Holland
Provincie Noord-Holland

Together, these two areas hold the three largest cities in the whole country. Amsterdam is the capital city of the Netherlands. Rotterdam has the largest port in Europe, and The Hague is where the government sits.

Provincie Zuid-Holland
Provincie Zuid-Holland

The landscape here is very unique because it is so low. A long line of coastal dunes protects the land from the sea. Much of the land behind these dunes is a polder landscape. A polder is land that sits well below sea level.

Benthuizen dijk polder
Benthuizen dijk polder

Because the land is so low, people must constantly drain the water. In the past, people used windmills to help with this hard job. These windmills became a famous symbol of the region. Today, the area has many rivers, lakes, and canals for water to flow through.

History shows that Holland was once a very important county. It was part of the Holy Roman Empire from the 10th to the 16th century. The first count we know of was Dirk I, who ruled from 896 to 931.

Wapen graafschap Holland
Wapen graafschap Holland

Later, the region became a major economic and maritime power. During the 17th century, it was part of the Dutch Golden Age. This was a time when the area was the wealthiest nation in the world. Many merchants sailed from great ports like Amsterdam to trade across Europe.

Sometimes, people use the name "Holland" to mean the entire country of the Netherlands. This happens because Holland was such a dominant and important part of the region. In fact, between 1806 and 1810, Holland was the official name for the whole country. This was during the time when Napoleon made his brother, Louis Bonaparte, the monarch.

Departments of French Empire North 1811-ex
Departments of French Empire North 1811-ex

However, this is not strictly correct. In January 2020, the Netherlands officially stopped using the word Holland to describe the whole country. They even changed their logo to use "NL" instead.

Even though it is a small part of the country, Holland is very crowded. It makes up about 13% of the total area of the Netherlands. As of November 2019, about 6,583,534 people lived in this region. This means there are about 1,203 people for every square kilometer. The people from these two provinces are often called Hollanders. While some people use that name for everyone in the Netherlands, it really only refers to those from the North and South Holland provinces.

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🖼️ Images & Media (6)
File:Wapen graafschap Holland.svg
Wapen graafschap Holland.svg
File:COMITATUS HOLLANDIAE 1682.jpg
COMITATUS HOLLANDIAE 1682.jpg
File:Departments of French Empire North 1811-ex.svg
Departments of French Empire North 1811-ex.svg
File:Provincie Noord-Holland.gif
Provincie Noord-Holland.gif
File:Provincie Zuid-Holland.gif
Provincie Zuid-Holland.gif
File:Benthuizen dijk polder.jpg
Benthuizen dijk polder.jpg
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