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Good Friday

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Good Friday is a solemn Christian holy day. It commemorates the crucifixion and death of Jesus at Calvary, also known as Golgotha.

Crucifixion by Theophanes the Cretan
Crucifixion by Theophanes the Cretan

This day is a central part of Holy Week. It also belongs to the Paschal Triduum, a three-day period of intense religious observation. The name "Good" in Good Friday comes from an older meaning of the word. In this context, "good" means pious or holy.

Some people incorrectly think the name comes from "God Friday." However, the term actually reflects the sacred nature of the day.

The events of the day are recorded in the Gospels. It began when Judas Iscariot betrayed Jesus in the Garden of Gethsemane. Judas was paid 30 pieces of silver for his role. He identified Jesus to the soldiers with a kiss.

Gustave Doré - The Holy Bible - Plate CXLI, The Judas Kiss
Gustave Doré - The Holy Bible - Plate CXLI, The Judas Kiss

After his arrest, Jesus faced interrogation by the high priest Caiaphas. The Sanhedrin eventually condemned him for blasphemy. The Roman governor, Pontius Pilate, also heard the case. Although Pilate found no basis for a death sentence, he eventually handed Jesus over to be crucified to prevent a riot.

Ecce homo by Antonio Ciseri (1)
Ecce homo by Antonio Ciseri (1)

The crucifixion took place at a site called the "place of the Skull." Simon of Cyrene helped Jesus carry his cross to this location. Jesus was crucified alongside two other criminals. The Bible records that darkness covered the land for three hours, from noon until 3 p.m.

Toronto-Apokathylosis-2012-04-13
Toronto-Apokathylosis-2012-04-13

After Jesus died, Joseph of Arimathea and Nicodemus prepared his body. They used a mixture of spices, including 75 pounds of myrrh and aloes. They wrapped the body in a linen shroud and placed it in a rock-carved tomb. They then rolled a large stone over the entrance.

Different Christian denominations observe the day with unique traditions. Many Catholic, Lutheran, Anglican, and Methodist churches hold the Service of the Great Three Hours' Agony. This service matches the hours when darkness fell over the land. In these traditions, people may also pray the Stations of the Cross in the evening.

GoodFr CroosWay Colloseo
GoodFr CroosWay Colloseo

The Moravian Church has a different tradition. Their members often clean gravestones in Moravian cemeteries on this day. These varied practices help believers focus on the solemnity of the event.

In Eastern Orthodox traditions, the day is called Great Friday. The liturgy and customs are quite distinct. The Divine Liturgy is not celebrated on this day, except when it coincides with the Annunciation.

Epitaph Adelaide
Epitaph Adelaide

Clergy members change their vestments from purple or red to black. Many Byzantine Christians observe an absolute fast. This means they abstain from all food and drink for the entire day. They may only consume bread and water after sunset. This practice follows the commandments of the Holy Apostles.

The Byzantine service is known as The Order of Holy and Saving Passion of our Lord Jesus Christ. This service begins on Thursday night with Matins. It includes twelve readings from the four Gospels.

Epitaphios
Epitaphios

During these readings, a large cross is often carried into the center of the church. In some churches, a candelabrum with twelve candles is used. One candle is extinguished after each of the twelve Gospel readings. This ritual allows the faithful to participate in the memory of Christ's death.

The date of Good Friday changes every year. This is because the date depends on how Easter is calculated. Eastern and Western Christianity often disagree on the computation of Easter. Therefore, they may observe Good Friday on different days.

Holy Friday, Greece
Holy Friday, Greece

In many parts of the world, Good Friday is a legal holiday. Some countries, such as Germany, have laws regarding the day. These laws may prohibit certain activities like public dancing or horse racing. These rules exist to respect the sombre nature of the holiday.

Good Friday connects to broader themes of sacrifice and devotion. For many Christians, Jesus' death is seen as the ultimate sacrifice for humanity's sins. This belief is a cornerstone of many faith systems. The day serves as a time for deep reflection and communal prayer. It remains one of the most significant dates in the Christian calendar. Through various rituals, from fasting to special hymns, the day connects believers to ancient historical accounts.

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🖼️ Images & Media (29)
File:Gustave Doré - The Holy Bible - Plate CXLI, The Judas Kiss.jpg
Gustave Doré - The Holy Bible - Plate...
File:Ecce homo by Antonio Ciseri (1).jpg
Ecce homo by Antonio Ciseri (1).jpg
File:Crucifixion by Theophanes the Cretan.jpg
Crucifixion by Theophanes the Cretan.jpg
File:Agias Triados frescos cross.jpg
Agias Triados frescos cross.jpg
File:Service of the Royal Hours - Great Friday -- Annunciation, Toronto, 2014.JPG
Service of the Royal Hours - Great Friday...
File:Toronto-Apokathylosis-2012-04-13.jpg
Toronto-Apokathylosis-2012-04-13.jpg
File:Gold embroidery example.jpg
Gold embroidery example.jpg
File:Epitaphios Peleka.jpg
Epitaphios Peleka.jpg
File:Epitaphios.jpg
Epitaphios.jpg
File:Holy Friday, Greece.png
Holy Friday, Greece.png
File:Epitaph Adelaide.jpg
Epitaph Adelaide.jpg
File:Alessandria - Chiesa di San Giovannino - Venerdì santo.jpg
Alessandria - Chiesa di San Giovannino -...

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