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Girl

life science Maturity 11-13 Next article →

A girl is a young female human. This term usually describes a child or an adolescent.

Young girl smiling in sunshine (2)
Young girl smiling in sunshine (2)

While the word is most commonly used for children, it can also refer to an adult female. In professional or formal settings, calling an adult woman a "girl" may be seen as derogatory or disrespectful. However, the term is used in other ways. It can be a professional title, such as for a showgirl. In casual settings, it is often used in popular music to express energy or unity among women.

The English word "girl" has a very long history. It first appeared during the Middle Ages, between 1250 and 1300 CE. It originated from an Anglo-Saxon word. Interestingly, the word originally meant a child of either sex. It was not until the late 15th century that the term specifically meant a female child. Some scholars believe the original word may have been a metonym for a type of clothing or dress.

A girl's status in society is often tied to the status of women in that culture. In places where women have low social standing, girls may be unwanted by parents. Their upbringing may differ significantly from boys. This can include different levels of sex segregation in daily life. Historically, formal education for girls was often considered less important than for boys. In Europe, literacy for girls was rare before the printing press and the Reformation.

China1982-326
China1982-326

Queen Elizabeth I is a notable historical exception regarding education. As a child, her position was very precarious due to political scheming. After her mother, Anne Boleyn, was executed, Elizabeth was considered illegitimate. Her education was initially ignored by King Henry VIII. However, his widow, Catherine Parr, supported her studies starting when Elizabeth was 9 years old. Elizabeth eventually studied Latin, Greek, Spanish, French, philosophy, history, mathematics, and music. This deep education helped her become a successful monarch.

Malala Yousafzai par Claude Truong-Ngoc novembre 2013 02
Malala Yousafzai par Claude Truong-Ngoc novembre 2013 02

In France, education for girls changed slowly over time. During the Age of Enlightenment, up to one-third of women became literate. This was still less than the roughly 50 percent of men who were literate. Girls in France were not admitted to secondary schools until the late 19th century. They could not earn a Baccalaureate diploma until 1924, under minister Léon Bérard. Even later, prestigious schools like École Polytechnique did not allow women until the 1970s.

PikiWiki Israel 5701 Cooking Lesson
PikiWiki Israel 5701 Cooking Lesson

Many cultures use "coming of age" rituals to mark a girl's transition toward maturity. In Japan, the Shichi-Go-San festival occurs annually on November 15. During this event, seven-year-old girls wear traditional kimonos and visit a temple. In Latin America, the Quinceañera celebrates a girl's fifteenth birthday. This event marks the transition from childhood to womanhood. Christian traditions also include rituals like Confirmation or First Communion. In Roman Catholic communities, First Communion often occurs at age seven. Girls frequently wear white dresses to symbolize spiritual purity.

Afghan girl Pashtun
Afghan girl Pashtun

The Apache people have a traditional ceremony called the na'ii'ees, or Sunrise Ceremony. This ritual lasts four days and involves painting with clay and pollen. The ceremony was banned by the U.S. government for many decades. It saw a revival after the Indian Religious Freedom Act of 1978. Other cultures have used physical practices to prepare girls for marriage. In parts of China, foot binding was used for upper-class girls starting at ages 5 to 8. This practice aimed to create small feet to show high social rank. Foot binding declined in the early 20th century and was nearly extinct by 1950.

China1982-326
China1982-326

Tragically, girls have sometimes been treated as objects of trade or dispute. In some regions, practices known as baad, swara, or vani involve giving a girl to a family to settle a crime. In other cases, girls are sold in exchange for a bride price.

Bride price
Bride price

Additionally, female genital mutilation is a dangerous practice found in 28 African countries. It is often incorrectly called "female circumcision." This practice causes long-term health problems. Many governments and human rights groups are now working to outlaw these harmful traditions to protect girls everywhere.

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🖼️ Images & Media (15)
File:Young girl smiling in sunshine (2).jpg
Young girl smiling in sunshine (2).jpg
File:PikiWiki Israel 5701 Cooking Lesson.jpg
PikiWiki Israel 5701 Cooking Lesson.jpg
File:Bride_price.JPG
Bride_price.JPG
File:Afghan_girl_Pashtun.JPEG
Afghan_girl_Pashtun.JPEG
File:China1982-326.jpg
China1982-326.jpg
File:2012 Birth Sex Ratio World Map.jpg
2012 Birth Sex Ratio World Map.jpg
File:Hermann_Kapps_CDV_Hannover_1901_Bronzene_Medaille_Mädchen_mit_Porzellankopfpuppe_im_Atelier,_Bildseite_Hildesheim,_Bernwardstrasse_5.jpg
Hermann_Kapps_CDV_Hannover_1901_Bronzene_M...
File:Greek athletic sports and festivals (1910) (14790050323).jpg
Greek athletic sports and festivals...
File:Pink girls section of toy store.jpeg
Pink girls section of toy store.jpeg
File:Malala Yousafzai par Claude Truong-Ngoc novembre 2013 02.jpg
Malala Yousafzai par Claude Truong-Ngoc...
File:Afghan_Girl_(4272097943).jpg
Afghan_Girl_(4272097943).jpg
File:Circumcision Female Genital Multilation FGM October 2010.jpg
Circumcision Female Genital Multilation...

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