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Gaborone

geography Maturity 11-13 Next article →

Gaborone is the capital and largest city of Botswana.

Gaborone, Botswana
Gaborone, Botswana

It serves as the nation's primary political and economic hub. The city hosts the Botswana Stock Exchange and many large companies. It also acts as the headquarters for the Southern African Development Community (SADC). Because of these roles, Gaborone is a vital center for the entire region.

Gaborone Downtown, Botswana
Gaborone Downtown, Botswana

The city is located in the southeastern corner of Botswana. It sits near the border with South Africa. Gaborone is nestled between Kgale Hill and Oodi Hill.

Gaberone aerial
Gaberone aerial

The city is positioned near the confluence of the Notwane and Segoditshane rivers. This location was chosen because of the proximity to fresh water. It also sits near a railway line that leads to Pretoria. Travelers can access the city via the Sir Seretse Khama International Airport.

Gaborone, Botswana
Gaborone, Botswana

The history of the area involves many different groups over many centuries. Evidence shows inhabitants lived along the Notwane River for a long time. Around 1880, the Tlokwa people settled near the area. They called their settlement Moshaweng. The city is named after Chief Gaborone of the Tlokwa people.

Stamp Bechuanaland Protectorate 1938 6p
Stamp Bechuanaland Protectorate 1938 6p

Early European colonizers called the area Gaberones. This was a shortening of "Gaborone's Village." In 1890, Cecil John Rhodes chose the area for a colonial fort. The name officially changed from Gaberones to Gaborone in 1969.

1966 Mayor Gaborone
1966 Mayor Gaborone

Modern Gaborone was founded in 1964 to serve as a new capital. Previously, the capital of the Bechuanaland Protectorate was Mafeking. Lobatse was the first choice for the new capital of Botswana. However, leaders felt Lobatse was too limited for the nation's needs. They planned Gaborone using "Garden city" principles. This design includes many open spaces and pedestrian walkways. The chairman, Geoffrey Cornish, described the layout as a "brandy glass." The government offices sit in the base of the glass. A strip of businesses called the "Main Mall" extends from that base.

Orapa house, Gaborone 6 (Botswana)
Orapa house, Gaborone 6 (Botswana)

The city has experienced massive population growth since its founding. In 1964, the population was only 3,855 citizens. By 1971, the population reached almost 18,000 residents. By 1992, the number grew to 138,000 people. According to the 2022 census, the population reached 246,325.

Public transport in Gaborone
Public transport in Gaborone

The metropolitan area is even larger, with 534,842 inhabitants. This rapid growth has caused significant housing challenges. Many people moved to illegal settlements like Naledi. The name Naledi can mean "the star" or "under the open sky." In 1975, President Sir Seretse Khama rezoned Naledi to help provide low-income housing.

Gaborone has a hot semi-arid climate. This means the weather is mostly sunny and very hot in summer. The nights are often cool. Most rainfall occurs between October and April. The city has faced three notable floods since 1995. These occurred in 2000, 2001, and 2006. One flood in 2001 caused damage worth 5,000,000 Botswana pula. The weather can be erratic, with scanty precipitation. The highest humidity occurs in June, while the lowest is in September.

Today, Gaborone is a diverse and busy metropolitan center. Many different languages are spoken, including Setswana, English, Kalanga, and Kgalagadi. The city contains various places of worship, such as Christian churches and Hindu temples.

Hindu temple gaborone01
Hindu temple gaborone01

It also features the National Museum and Art Gallery. This museum opened in 1968 and displays local art and traditional crafts. The city continues to grow at a rate of 3.4% per year. This growth is driven by people moving to the city for better infrastructure. Gaborone remains a central part of life in Botswana.

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🖼️ Images & Media (15)
File:Stamp Bechuanaland Protectorate 1938 6p.jpg
Stamp Bechuanaland Protectorate 1938 6p.jpg
File:1966 Mayor Gaborone.JPG
1966 Mayor Gaborone.JPG
File:Gaborone, Botswana.jpg
Gaborone, Botswana.jpg
File:Gaberone aerial.jpg
Gaberone aerial.jpg
File:Hindu temple gaborone01.jpg
Hindu temple gaborone01.jpg
File:I-Tower 20200402.jpg
I-Tower 20200402.jpg
File:Orapa_house,_Gaborone_6_(Botswana).jpg
Orapa_house,_Gaborone_6_(Botswana).jpg
File:Watch house.jpg
Watch house.jpg
File:Ostriches at Mokolodi Nature Reserve, Botswana.JPG
Ostriches at Mokolodi Nature Reserve, Botswana.JPG
File:BotswanaParliament.jpg
BotswanaParliament.jpg
File:Gaborone Downtown, Botswana.jpg
Gaborone Downtown, Botswana.jpg
File:St. Joseph's College students.JPG
St. Joseph's College students.JPG

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