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Francistown

geography Maturity 11-13 Next article →

Francistown is the second-largest city in Botswana. It serves as a vital center for commerce, transport, and mining. The city is located in eastern Botswana, north-northeast of the capital, Gaborone. It sits at the confluence of the Tati and Ntshe rivers. The city is also positioned near the Shashe River and the international border with Zimbabwe.

Francistown bus terminal
Francistown bus terminal

According to the 2022 census, the city has a population of about 103,417 inhabitants. If you include the surrounding agglomeration, the population reaches 147,122 people.

The city functions as a major transport hub for the region. A railway line connects Francistown to Gaborone and Lobatse in the south. This same rail line also links the city to Harare in Zimbabwe via Bulawayo.

BR Express 2
BR Express 2

On the ground, surfaced roads connect the city to Ramokgwebana in the north. They also lead to Kazungula and Kasane via Nata. The city is served by the Francistown International Airport. This airport opened on September 9, 2011, at a cost of P596 million. It replaced an older airport that is now used by the Botswana Defence Force's Air Arm.

Photo Submission by Aone Mokwena (4)
Photo Submission by Aone Mokwena (4)

Francistown's economy is built on several key pillars. Mining, commerce, and agriculture are essential drivers of local wealth. The Tati Nickel company is a principal mining player. It operates the Selkirk and Phoenix mines. These mines produce cobalt, copper, and nickel. The Dumela Industrial Complex is another important employer in the area. In 2008, plans were underway for the Botswana Metal Refinery nearby. However, high costs caused that specific project to be halted. The city also benefits from the Botswana Meat Commission.

The history of this region is deeply tied to mineral wealth. Evidence shows humans lived here around 10,000 years ago. The area was originally home to villages of the BaKalanga people. In 1867, a prospector named Karl Mauch found gold along the Tati River. This discovery sparked the first gold rush in Southern Africa. This event happened fifteen years before the gold boom at Witwatersrand in South Africa. The modern town was founded in 1897 near the Monarch mine. It was named after Daniel Francis, an English prospector from Liverpool.

Francistown Stadium Botswana
Francistown Stadium Botswana

As the town grew, it became a major commercial center. In 1897, the Tati Concessions Company sold 300 lots to form the town center. Initially, the town consisted of one street parallel to the railway line. This street housed banks, retail shops, and hotels like the Grand and the Tati. Gold sustained the economy from the late 1800s until the 1930s. During the 1930s, a global recession hit the mining industry hard. Between 1936 and the 1980s, the economy relied on the Witwatersrand Native Labour Association. This company recruited miners from many African countries and moved them through Francistown.

Life in Francistown is shaped by its unique climate and culture. The city has a hot semi-arid climate. It features warm to hot summers and mild winters. There is a short wet season from December through March. The remaining eight months are a long dry season. The driest period occurs from June through August. During these months, the city also experiences its chilliest temperatures. Culturally, Kalanga is the main language spoken in the area. Other languages include isiNdebele, ChiShona, and SeTswana. Interestingly, Francistown is the only city in Botswana with an English name.

The city provides many opportunities for education and recreation. There are many primary schools, such as the historic Nyangabgwe Primary School. Higher education is available at the Francistown College of Technical and Vocational Education. This college opened in 2008 to accommodate 1,500 learners. For sports, the city hosts several football clubs in the Botswana Premier League. A new stadium is under construction to serve these teams. It will be the largest in northern Botswana with a capacity of 27,000 spectators. The city also maintains the Supa Ngwao Museum to preserve its local heritage. The Tachila nature reserve offers a place to see wild animals on an old farm land.

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🖼️ Images & Media (4)
File:Francistown bus terminal.jpg
Francistown bus terminal.jpg
File:BR Express 2.jpg
BR Express 2.jpg
File:Photo Submission by Aone Mokwena (4).jpg
Photo Submission by Aone Mokwena (4).jpg
File:Francistown Stadium Botswana.jpg
Francistown Stadium Botswana.jpg
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