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Fluxus

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Fluxus was an international, interdisciplinary community of creative people during the 1960s and 1970s. This group included artists, composers, designers, and poets. They were a diverse community of collaborators who were often friends.

Gmaciunas-manifesto
Gmaciunas-manifesto

They shared radical ideas about the role of art in society. Instead of making expensive objects to sell, they focused on experimental art performances. These performances emphasized a chance-based process. To them, the act of creating was more important than the finished product. They wanted art to be an interactive experience between the artist and the audience.

Many Fluxus artists worked through a concept called intermedia. This term was coined by the artist Dick Higgins to describe art that exists between different media. Fluxus members produced many different types of work. They created performance "events" which included enactments of scores. They also made "Neo-Dada" noise music and time-based works. Their creativity extended to concrete poetry, visual art, urban planning, architecture, design, literature, and publishing.

PianoActivities
PianoActivities

Because they were so experimental, some artists described Fluxus as a laboratory for new ideas.

Specific art forms emerged from this experimental spirit. One major development was conceptual art, which was first developed by Henry Flynt. Fluxus was also closely associated with the birth of video art. This new medium was pioneered by artists Nam June Paik and Wolf Vostell.

CutPieceOno
CutPieceOno

Another important method involved the use of event scores. These were instructions that guided a performance. These scores allowed for indeterminacy, which means the outcome could change each time. This approach challenged the idea that art must be a perfect, unchanging object.

The ideas of Fluxus grew from the work of earlier thinkers. The composer John Cage was a massive influence. Between 1957 and 1959, Cage taught classes on experimental composition at the New School for Social Research in New York City. His lessons explored chance and indeterminacy. Many future Fluxus members, like La Monte Young and George Brecht, attended these classes.

Festum Fluxorum Fluxus
Festum Fluxorum Fluxus

Another influence was Marcel Duchamp. He was a French artist known for his "readymades." A readymade is an ordinary object that an artist declares to be art. This helped Fluxus artists move away from traditional academic skills.

George Maciunas is largely considered the founder of this fluid movement. He was a trained graphic designer who moved from Lithuania to New York after World War II. In 1961, Maciunas coined the name "Fluxus" to title a proposed magazine.

FluxYearBox2
FluxYearBox2

Although he proposed a manifesto, many people did not see Fluxus as a single, strict movement. Instead, the community grew through a series of festivals. These events took place in cities like Wiesbaden, Copenhagen, Stockholm, Amsterdam, London, and New York. These festivals helped build a loose but robust community of artists.

Many notable artists participated in these activities. The group included famous names like Yoko Ono, Nam June Paik, and Joseph Beuys. Other members included Alison Knowles, Shigeko Kubota, and Ben Vautier.

DeRidder'sFluxMailOrder
DeRidder'sFluxMailOrder

These artists often shared anti-commercial and anti-art sensibilities. They did not want art to be just something bought and sold in galleries. They preferred to share their work through different means. For example, they created Flux boxes which were small containers holding various works by many different artists.

Fluxus remains significant because it changed how we define art. It connected different fields like music, design, and performance into one space. By prioritizing the process over the result, they opened the door for many modern art forms. Their work showed that art could be found in everyday actions and unexpected moments. This legacy continues to influence how artists use technology, chance, and community to express their ideas today.

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🖼️ Images & Media (7)
File:Gmaciunas-manifesto.jpg
Gmaciunas-manifesto.jpg
File:Festum Fluxorum Fluxus.png
Festum Fluxorum Fluxus.png
File:FluxYearBox2.jpg
FluxYearBox2.jpg
File:PianoActivities.jpg
PianoActivities.jpg
File:DeRidder'sFluxMailOrder.jpg
DeRidder'sFluxMailOrder.jpg
File:FluxusTraitor.jpg
FluxusTraitor.jpg
File:CutPieceOno.jpeg
CutPieceOno.jpeg
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