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Filing cabinet

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A filing cabinet is a special piece of furniture used to store paper documents.

Metal File Cabinet
Metal File Cabinet

These cabinets help people keep important papers organized in folders. There are two main types of cabinets used in offices. Vertical files have drawers that pull out from the short side of the cabinet. Lateral files, which people in Great Britain call side filers, have drawers that pull out from the long side.

Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-P109966, Berlin, Arbeitsamt Sonnenallee, Registratur
Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-P109966, Berlin, Arbeitsamt Sonnenallee, Registratur

There are also shelf files that use shelves instead of drawers to hold folders. In the United States, most cabinets are built for 8.5 by 11 inch paper. Other countries often design them for different sizes, like A4 paper.

Most cabinets work using a simple system of drawers and slides.

wooden file cabinet
wooden file cabinet

To open a metal drawer, you might press a small sliding part called a thumblatch. Each drawer has a handle so you can grip and pull it. Inside, a drawer slide helps the drawer move smoothly. Many drawers have an "outstop" to keep them from falling out completely. Some drawers also have a follower block, which is a metal plate or wire structure. You can move this block forward to keep folders upright and at the front. This makes it much easier to find the papers you need.

Learning about the history of these cabinets is like solving a mystery.

Filing clerk - 1992 - BLS
Filing clerk - 1992 - BLS

Before vertical files, businesses kept papers in envelopes inside holes in the wall. This was a very slow and hard job for workers. An American inventor named Henry Brown patented a metal container for papers in 1886. This device was meant to keep papers safe from fires and accidents. The exact start of the vertical file is still a mystery to researchers. However, a company called the Library Bureau likely introduced them around 1900. They even published a pamphlet in 1903 about their filing systems.

Many different companies helped make filing cabinets famous.

Wooden file cabinet with rollers
Wooden file cabinet with rollers

Early makers included Globe-Wernicke and the Art Metal Construction Company. After World War II, a company called Home-O-Nize was started in Muscatine, Iowa. They originally made steel kitchen cabinets, but they soon began making steel index card boxes. They eventually made filing cabinets that used very little steel to save money. This design was a huge success and the company later changed its name to HON. The demand for these cabinets grew even more after 1950 when Xerography machines became common.

Today, filing cabinets are still very useful in many places.

Metal File Cabinet
Metal File Cabinet

Even though many people use computers now, many businesses still print and file paper. In the United States, vertical cabinets often come in two, three, four, or five-drawer versions. Most businesses choose the four-drawer version for their work. Governments often use five-drawer versions because they hold a lot of paper for a low cost. Some people use lateral files in cubicles because they fit well next to desks. Whether they are made of wood or metal, these cabinets help keep our world organized.

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🖼️ Images & Media (6)
File:Metal File Cabinet.jpg
Metal File Cabinet.jpg
File:Wooden file cabinet with rollers.jpg
Wooden file cabinet with rollers.jpg
File:wooden file cabinet.JPG
wooden file cabinet.JPG
File:Watergate filing cabinets at DNC HQ.jpg
Watergate filing cabinets at DNC HQ.jpg
File:Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-P109966, Berlin, Arbeitsamt Sonnenallee, Registratur.jpg
Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-P109966, Berlin,...
File:Filing clerk - 1992 - BLS.png
Filing clerk - 1992 - BLS.png
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