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Emil Gilels

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Emil Gilels was a Russian and Soviet pianist recognized as one of the greatest musicians of all time. He was celebrated globally for his superb technical control and his burnished, polished tone. His musical expertise allowed him to perform a vast repertoire. This range included music from the Baroque era through the late Romantic period and into the 20th century. While he was highly skilled with composers like Scarlatti and Debussy, his performances of German-Austrian classics like Beethoven, Brahms, and Schumann formed the core of his artistry.

RIAN archive 676852 Pianists Emil Gilels and Yakov Flier in Pravda newspaper
RIAN archive 676852 Pianists Emil Gilels and Yakov Flier in Pravda newspaper

Gilels' musical journey began in Odessa, in what was then the Russian Empire. Born into a Jewish family, his father worked as a clerk in a sugar refinery. Emil possessed perfect pitch, the ability to identify musical notes without a reference tone. He began formal piano lessons at just five and a half years old with a pedagogue named Tkach. He was an exceptionally quick learner. Within months, he was playing all three volumes of Loeschhorn's studies. He also mastered sonatinas by Clementi and Mozart. Tkach believed Gilels was born specifically to become a world-renowned pianist.

His formal education involved several influential mentors and institutions. After his early training, he studied at the Odessa Conservatory under Reingbald. Reingbald helped him broaden his cultural interests in history and literature. In 1929, at age 12, Gilels gave his first public concert. He later moved to the Moscow Conservatory to study as a postgraduate under Heinrich Neuhaus. During this time, he also met the famous pianist Arthur Rubinstein. The two musicians became lifelong friends. Reingbald also acted as a mentor, protecting Gilels from the stress of excessive concert performances.

Competition success defined much of Gilels' early professional life. In 1933, he won first prize at the First All-Union Competition of Performers in Moscow. This victory brought him nationwide fame across the USSR. In 1936, he took second place at the International Vienna Music Academy Competition. His most significant international triumph occurred in 1938 at the Ysaÿe International Festival, also known as the Queen Elisabeth Competition in Brussels. He was awarded first prize, while his fellow student Yakov Flier took third prize.

RIAN archive 676852 Pianists Emil Gilels and Yakov Flier in Pravda newspaper
RIAN archive 676852 Pianists Emil Gilels and Yakov Flier in Pravda newspaper

Gilels' career held deep significance during periods of global conflict. During World War II, he performed open-air recitals on the frontline to boost the morale of Soviet troops. The composer Sergei Rachmaninoff, living in exile, heard Gilels' radio performances. Rachmaninoff viewed Gilels as his pianistic successor. To symbolize this, Rachmaninoff sent him a medal engraved with Anton Rubinstein's profile and a special diploma. Gilels treasured these relics for the rest of his life. In 1946, he was awarded the Stalin Prize, and by 1954, he was named a People's Artist of the USSR.

As a teacher and leader, Gilels shaped the next generation of musicians. In 1952, he became a professor at the Moscow Conservatory. He taught many notable students, such as Valery Afanassiev and Irina Smorodinova. He also served as the chair of the jury for the inaugural International Tchaikovsky Competition in 1958. This competition is famous for awarding first prize to Van Cliburn. Gilels presided over the competition for many years. He was also among the first Soviet artists allowed to travel to the West for concerts. He made his American debut in 1955 with the Philadelphia Orchestra.

Music was a central part of the Gilels family legacy. His sister, Elizabeth, was a violinist, and his daughter, Elena, became a pianist. Elena even recorded and performed music alongside her father. Gilels' recorded legacy is vast, much of it released through the state company Melodiya. These recordings were licensed globally through labels like EMI and Angel Records. His recording of Beethoven's "Hammerklavier" Sonata earned a Gramophone Award in 1984. He died unexpectedly in Moscow on October 14, 1985, during a medical checkup. While some, like Sviatoslav Richter, suggested his death was due to a medical error, others dismissed this as a rumor. He was nearly 69 years old.

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