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Elbe

geography Maturity 11-13 Next article →

The Elbe is a major river in Central Europe.

Dresden-Altstadt von der Marienbruecke-II
Dresden-Altstadt von der Marienbruecke-II

It begins high in the Giant Mountains of the northern Czech Republic. The water starts on the slopes of Mt. Violík. From there, the river flows through the region of Bohemia. It eventually travels into Germany. Finally, the river reaches the North Sea at Cuxhaven.

This long journey makes the Elbe a vital part of the landscape.

The river grows larger as it meets other streams. One major river that joins it is the Vltava. The Vltava is actually much longer than the Elbe. When it meets the Elbe at Mělník, the water volume more than doubles.

Koenigstein Saxony pic01 2007 04 22
Koenigstein Saxony pic01 2007 04 22

Other important rivers that flow into the Elbe include the Saale and the Havel. The total area fed by the Elbe is the twelfth-largest in Europe. This large basin covers parts of the Czech Republic, Germany, Austria, and Poland.

People have lived along the Elbe for a very long time. In the past, people used old names like Albis or Albia. The name Elbe comes from old Germanic words.

Duchy of Saxony (134037775)
Duchy of Saxony (134037775)

Today, about 24.4 million people live in the Elbe river basin. Many large cities sit along its banks. These include Prague, Dresden, Magdeburg, and Hamburg. The river has shaped how these cities grew and work.

Traveling on the Elbe is a busy job. The river is always used by commercial ships for trade.

CTB-CTW Port of Hamburg-Waltershof
CTB-CTW Port of Hamburg-Waltershof

It connects to many industrial areas through canals. For example, the Elbe-Lübeck Canal links the river to the Baltic Sea. In Magdeburg, there is a special water bridge. This bridge carries ships over the Elbe on a canal. This allows other boats to pass underneath without any trouble.

Aerial view of the Sternbrücke in Magdeburg 02
Aerial view of the Sternbrücke in Magdeburg 02

In the northern part, the river changes how it moves. Near the city of Geesthacht, the river is affected by the tides. This part is called the Unterelbe, or the Low Elbe. In Hamburg, the river splits into different branches. Some branches were separated by dikes long ago.

These dikes help protect the land from flooding. The river remains a busy and important path for water and people.

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🖼️ Images & Media (10)
File:Duchy of Saxony (134037775).jpg
Duchy of Saxony (134037775).jpg
File:CTB-CTW Port of Hamburg-Waltershof.jpg
CTB-CTW Port of Hamburg-Waltershof.jpg
File:Dresden-Altstadt von der Marienbruecke-II.jpg
Dresden-Altstadt von der Marienbruecke-II.jpg
File:Aerial view of the Sternbrücke in Magdeburg 02.jpg
Aerial view of the Sternbrücke in Magdeburg 02.jpg
File:13-09-29-nordfriesisches-wattenmeer-RalfR-10.jpg
13-09-29-nordfriesisches-wattenmeer-RalfR-10.jpg
File:Germany (1), Elbe, Trischen.jpg
Germany (1), Elbe, Trischen.jpg
File:Přívoz Dolní Žleb.JPG
Přívoz Dolní Žleb.JPG
File:Gierseilfähre Coswig.JPG
Gierseilfähre Coswig.JPG
File:Faehre Zollenspieker.jpg
Faehre Zollenspieker.jpg
File:Koenigstein Saxony pic01 2007 04 22.jpg
Koenigstein Saxony pic01 2007 04 22.jpg
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