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Durrës

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Durrës is a major city in the Republic of Albania.

Durres 2016-2017
Durres 2016-2017

It serves as the seat for both Durrës County and the Durrës Municipality. The city is the second most populous urban center in the country. It sits on a flat plain along the Albanian Adriatic Sea Coast. Specifically, it is located at the southeastern corner of the Adriatic Sea. The city lies between the mouths of two rivers named the Erzen and the Ishëm.

Panorama of Durres Port
Panorama of Durres Port

The local climate is a seasonal Mediterranean climate. This weather pattern profoundly influences the daily life and environment of the region.

Archaeological evidence suggests the area was inhabited during the Eneolithic period. Later, Illyrian peoples lived on the territory during protohistoric times. The city was officially founded around the 7th century BC. Greek colonists from Corinth and Corcyra established the settlement. They worked in cooperation with the Taulantii, which was a local Illyrian tribe. At this time, the city was known by the name Epidamnos.

07Durres01
07Durres01

Ancient accounts describe Epidamnos as a very populated and powerful city. The citizens were so wealthy that they built a Doric-style treasury at Olympia.

History shows that the city's name changed over time. The name Epidamnos is widely believed to be of Illyrian origin. Some linguists suggest it relates to the Proto-Albanian word *dami, meaning a young animal. However, the Roman Republic took control of the region after the Illyrian Wars in 229 BC. The Romans began using the name Dyrrachium.

King Monounios
King Monounios

Some Roman authors believed the name Epidamnos sounded like the Latin word damnum, which means loss or harm. Others suggest the name Dyrrachion comes from Greek words meaning a rocky shore or roaring waves. This name likely described the difficult, rocky coastline near the port.

During the Roman era, the city became a vital military and naval base. It served as the western starting point for the Via Egnatia. This was a great Roman road that stretched east across the Balkan Peninsula. The road passed through various lowlands and highlands to reach Constantinople.

Amphitheatre of durres albania 2016
Amphitheatre of durres albania 2016

In the Middle Ages, the city was a site of constant struggle. Various groups contested control, including Bulgarians, Venetians, and local Albanian noble families. The Ottoman Empire eventually took control of the city. The Ottomans ruled Durrës for more than 400 years, from 1501 until 1912.

Following the Albanian Declaration of Independence, the city had a brief role as a capital. It served as the capital for the Principality of Albania for a short time. Later, the city was annexed by the Kingdom of Italy during the interwar period.

Durazzo, Albania, April 1939, Italian soldiers entering the city
Durazzo, Albania, April 1939, Italian soldiers entering the city

During World War II, Nazi Germany occupied the city. After these turbulent times, the People's Socialist Republic of Albania saw strong growth. This period brought significant expansion to the city's population and its economic activities.

Durrës is a vital economic hub for modern Albania. The Port of Durrës is one of the largest ports on the Adriatic Sea.

Panorama of Durres Port
Panorama of Durres Port

This port provides essential connections to many neighboring countries. The city's leading economic position is supported by its transport connections and industrial traditions. It also hosts many important economic institutions. The concentration of these resources makes the city a central part of the national economy.

The most famous landmark in the city is the Amphitheatre of Durrës. It is the largest amphitheatre in the entire Balkan Peninsula.

Amphitheatre of durres albania 2016
Amphitheatre of durres albania 2016

In its prime, the structure had a capacity for 20,000 people. Because of its historical importance, it is on the Albanian tentative list for UNESCO World Heritage Site designation. The city's history and its role as a gateway between land and sea continue to define it today.

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🖼️ Images & Media (21)
File:Stema e Bashkisë Durrës.svg
Stema e Bashkisë Durrës.svg
File:Autostrada A1 Albania.svg
Autostrada A1 Albania.svg
File:SH1-AL.svg
SH1-AL.svg
File:SH2-AL.svg
SH2-AL.svg
File:Amphitheatre_of_durres_albania_2016.jpg
Amphitheatre_of_durres_albania_2016.jpg
File:King Monounios.jpg
King Monounios.jpg
File:07Durres01.jpg
07Durres01.jpg
File:Semissis-Anastasius I-sb0007.jpg
Semissis-Anastasius I-sb0007.jpg
File:Durrës, Pinargenti.jpg
Durrës, Pinargenti.jpg
File:Albania - Rosaccio Giuseppe - 1598.jpg
Albania - Rosaccio Giuseppe - 1598.jpg
File:Duress Purger 13958.jpg
Duress Purger 13958.jpg
File:Durres, Albania, 1918.jpg
Durres, Albania, 1918.jpg

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