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Doris Duke

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Doris Duke was a famous American billionaire, philanthropist, and socialite.

James H. R. and Doris Cromwell
James H. R. and Doris Cromwell

She was often called "the richest girl in the world" due to her massive inheritance. Her wealth came from her father, James Buchanan Duke, a tycoon in tobacco and hydroelectric power. Most of this money came from the American Tobacco Company. Duke used her vast resources to pursue many different interests. These ranged from competitive surfing to collecting rare Islamic art. Her life was marked by both great passion and significant public attention.

Duke's early life involved managing her family's large estate. Her father died in 1925, leaving her a huge fortune. In 1927, she had to file a lawsuit to protect her family's real estate. This legal action prevented the sale of many important properties. One such property was a Manhattan mansion that later became a university institute. As she grew older, she received more money from her father's will. By her 30s, she was one of the wealthiest women in the world.

Italian Garden at Duke Gardens
Italian Garden at Duke Gardens

Her interests were incredibly diverse and often unexpected. In the 1940s, she worked as a news correspondent in war-torn Europe. She also lived in Paris and wrote for Harper's Bazaar. In Hawaii, she became a competitive surfer. She learned this skill from the famous champion Duke Kahanamoku. Music was another major passion for her. She played jazz piano and sang in a gospel choir. She even studied singing with famous voice teachers in New York City.

Duke was also a dedicated collector of art and a lover of nature. She built an extensive collection of Islamic and Southeast Asian art. Some of these pieces are still on display today in Hawaii. Her love for plants led her to create Duke Gardens in New Jersey.

Italian Garden at Duke Gardens
Italian Garden at Duke Gardens

She designed eleven interconnected gardens based on her international travels. She worked up to 16 hours a day to install these displays. She also helped save Malabar Farm in Ohio, which is now a state park.

She maintained several grand residences across the globe. Her main home was Duke Farms, a 2,700-acre estate in New Jersey. In Rhode Island, she stayed at Rough Point, a 49-room English manor. She also owned "Shangri La" in Honolulu, Hawaii. This home housed her precious Islamic art collection. To travel between these homes, she even owned a redecorated Boeing 737. She was a hands-on owner who worked alongside her gardeners.

In 1966, a tragic event occurred involving her employee, Eduardo Tirella. After a loud argument, Tirella died in a car accident near her Newport estate. Duke claimed she accidentally hit the gas pedal while driving a Dodge Polara. The police initially ruled the death an accident. However, a later lawsuit found Duke negligent for the death. In 2020, journalists found evidence suggesting the investigation was flawed. Some experts believe the incident may not have been an accident. This event remains a complex and debated part of her history.

Despite the controversies, Duke's philanthropic legacy is massive. She founded the Newport Restoration Foundation in 1968 to save historic buildings. This foundation has renovated 84 colonial-era buildings in Newport. She also supported Black students in the American South who faced racism. Her wealth supported medical research, including studies into AIDS. Much of her billion-dollar fortune was left to various charitable causes. The Doris Duke Foundation now manages her legacy in many fields.

Today, her impact is felt through many different organizations. The foundation supports medical research and the performing arts. It also works to prevent cruelty to children and animals. Environmental causes and wildlife protection are also part of her mission. Her life connected many different worlds, from high society to scientific research. Her various foundations ensure her wealth continues to work for the public good.

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File:Italian Garden at Duke Gardens.jpg
Italian Garden at Duke Gardens.jpg
File:James H. R. and Doris Cromwell.jpg
James H. R. and Doris Cromwell.jpg
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