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Domestic turkey

life science Maturity 7-9 Next article →

The domestic turkey is a large bird used for food.

Turkeys
Turkeys

It is part of the Meleagris genus. This bird is the same species as the wild turkey. Many people raise them as poultry in temperate parts of the world. Most farm turkeys have white feathers. This helps because the feathers are less visible when the bird is prepared for eating.

Black Spanish toms and hen
Black Spanish toms and hen

Female turkeys are called hens. The young chicks are called poults or turkeylings. In the United States and Canada, male turkeys are called toms. In the United Kingdom and Ireland, they are called stags.

These birds have many unique parts on their heads.

Anatomy of turkey head
Anatomy of turkey head

A fleshy part sits on top of the beak called a snood. Another fleshy part hangs from the bottom of the beak called a wattle. Adult males also have a beard on their chest. This is a tuft of black, hair-like feathers.

Turkeybird
Turkeybird

Males also use these parts to show off. They fan their tails and erect their body feathers. Their head skin can turn bright blue and red. They may also vibrate their tail feathers after they sneeze.

People have raised turkeys for a very long time.

Turkey Whistle LACMA M.86.296.172
Turkey Whistle LACMA M.86.296.172

Some research says they were raised in central Mesoamerica 2,000 years ago. Other research suggests a second group was raised in the southwestern United States. The Aztecs in Mexico used turkey meat and eggs for protein. They also used the feathers for decoration. The Spanish took turkeys from Mexico to Europe in the 16th century. An English navigator named William Strickland helped bring them to England. In 1608, turkeys were even sent from England to Jamestown, Virginia.

There are many different types of turkey breeds.

Jill turkey
Jill turkey

The Broad Breasted White is the most common variety on large farms. This is the breed that often receives a presidential pardon in the U.S. Other breeds include the Bourbon Red and the Slate turkey. The Slate variety is very rare and has gray-blue feathers. There is also a small heritage breed called the Beltsville Small White. This breed began its development in 1934. Some turkeys are even kept as pets in places like Pakistan.

Domestic turkey in Pakistan
Domestic turkey in Pakistan

Turkeys are very social living things. They like to stay in large groups. A turkey will feel very distressed if it is alone. They use many sounds to talk to each other. A high-pitched trill can mean the birds are becoming aggressive. This can lead to sparring where they peck at each other.

Baby turkey in FL
Baby turkey in FL

Large turkeys are also very heavy. They can weigh up to 39 kg. Because they are so huge, they are mostly flightless. Younger birds can still fly short distances, but adults stay on the ground.

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🖼️ Images & Media (10)
File:Turkey Whistle LACMA M.86.296.172.jpg
Turkey Whistle LACMA M.86.296.172.jpg
File:Black Spanish toms and hen.jpg
Black Spanish toms and hen.jpg
File:Baby turkey in FL.jpg
Baby turkey in FL.jpg
File:Anatomy of turkey head.jpg
Anatomy of turkey head.jpg
File:Turkeybird.JPG
Turkeybird.JPG
File:Jill turkey.jpg
Jill turkey.jpg
File:Domestic turkey in Pakistan.jpg
Domestic turkey in Pakistan.jpg
File:Turkeys.jpg
Turkeys.jpg
File:Thanksgiving Turkey.jpg
Thanksgiving Turkey.jpg
File:Hinduşka qızartması.jpg
Hinduşka qızartması.jpg
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