Nepedia
Back to Discover
Advanced Reader
🎨

David Garrick

arts Maturity 5-7 death dying war conflict Next article →

This article covers sensitive topics: death_dying, war_conflict. Parents can manage visibility in Parental Controls.

David Garrick was a transformative English actor, manager, and producer.

Kauffman-Garrick
Kauffman-Garrick

He exerted influence over nearly every aspect of European theatrical practice during the 18th century. Garrick is best known for introducing a realistic acting style. Before his rise, actors often used a bombastic and declamatory style. This meant they spoke in a very grand, loud, and formal way. Garrick moved away from this tradition to create more natural performances. His approach helped audiences connect more deeply with the characters on stage. Through his skill, he helped make the acting profession a respectable career. The writer Samuel Johnson noted that Garrick's profession made him rich and respectable.

Garrick's journey to stardom involved several distinct stages of professional development. He was born in 1716 in Hereford to a family with French Huguenot roots. His grandfather, David Garric, had fled to London from Bordeaux in 1685. This move followed the revocation of the Edict of Nantes in France. After his birth, the family moved to Lichfield. Garrick attended Lichfield Grammar School and later the Edial Hall School. He was a pupil of the famous writer Samuel Johnson. In 1737, Garrick and his brother George moved to London. They initially attempted to run a wine business in London and Lichfield. However, the business did not flourish, possibly because Garrick was distracted by amateur theater.

His transition to professional acting began in the early 1740s.

Garrick wager MM-2-PE-EA-19
Garrick wager MM-2-PE-EA-19

In 1740, he saw his first play at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane. By 1741, he was playing small roles at the Goodman's Fields Theatre. He initially used the stage name Lyddal to avoid family concern. His professional debut occurred on a summer tour to Ipswich in 1741. He played the role of Aboan in the play *Oroonoko*. A major turning point occurred on 19 October 1741. Garrick performed the title role in Shakespeare's *Richard III*. Coached by the actor Charles Macklin, his natural performance became the talk of London. Within his first six months, he performed a total of 18 different roles.

After his early success, Garrick moved into theater management.

Zoffany-Garrick in The Alchemist
Zoffany-Garrick in The Alchemist

In April 1747, he entered a partnership with James Lacy. Together, they took over the management of the Drury Lane theatre. Garrick remained a manager there for 29 years. Under his leadership, Drury Lane rose to become a leading theater in Europe. He implemented many reforms to improve the quality of productions. He brought consistency to set design, costumes, and special effects. Garrick also sought to reform how audiences behaved during performances. While some members of the public were discontented, many of his reforms eventually took hold.

Garrick's influence extended to the literary and historical aspects of the stage. Although critics generally agree he was not a talented playwright, he was a vital promoter of Shakespeare. He worked to bring Shakespeare's plays to contemporary audiences. He also adapted older plays from the Restoration era so they would not be forgotten. In 1769, he staged the Shakespeare Jubilee in Stratford-upon-Avon. This event helped establish Shakespeare as England's national poet. Garrick's passion for the poet was so great that he built a Temple to Shakespeare at his estate in Hampton. This temple housed his collection of Shakespearean memorabilia.

His personal life was marked by stability and significant social connections.

In 1749, he married Eva Marie Veigel, a German opera dancer. Their marriage lasted nearly 30 years and was described as very happy. They lived at a palatial estate called Garrick's Villa in Hampton. His brother, George, served as his aide for most of his life. When David died in 1779, George died only 48 hours later. This led some to speculate that George had truly wanted to be with his brother. Garrick's social standing allowed him to interact with many famous figures of his time.

Today, Garrick is remembered through art and prestigious monuments.

Many notable artists captured his likeness, including Joshua Reynolds and William Hogarth.

David Garrick Between Tragedy and Comedy
David Garrick Between Tragedy and Comedy

One famous painting by Reynolds depicts him "Between Tragedy and Comedy." When he died on 20 January 1779, he received a lavish public funeral. He was buried in Poets' Corner at Westminster Abbey. This location is reserved for great writers and creators. His life connects the world of performance to the wider world of literature and social reform. He remains a central figure in the history of European theater.

727 words

Where will your curiosity go next?

Keep exploring at your chosen reading level.

🖼️ Images & Media (10)
File:William Hogarth - David Garrick as Richard III - Google Art Project.jpg
William Hogarth - David Garrick as...
File:David Garrick Between Tragedy and Comedy.jpg
David Garrick Between Tragedy and Comedy.jpg
File:Garrick wager MM-2-PE-EA-19.jpg
Garrick wager MM-2-PE-EA-19.jpg
File:Zoffany-Garrick in The Alchemist.jpg
Zoffany-Garrick in The Alchemist.jpg
File:William Hogarth - David Garrick (1717-79) with his wife Eva-Maria Veigel, "La Violette" or "Violetti" (1725 - 1822) - Google Art Project.jpg
William Hogarth - David Garrick (1717-79)...
File:Kauffman-Garrick.jpg
Kauffman-Garrick.jpg
File:Zoffany-Garrick in Provoked Wife.jpg
Zoffany-Garrick in Provoked Wife.jpg
File:David Garrick monument. Westminster Abbey 01.jpg
David Garrick monument. Westminster Abbey 01.jpg
File:David Garrick by Robert Edge Pine.jpg
David Garrick by Robert Edge Pine.jpg
File:John Zoffany - David Garrick as Jaffier, Susannah Maria Cibber as Belvidera in Venice Preserved, or The Plot Discovered.jpg
John Zoffany - David Garrick as Jaffier,...
More to explore

What is Nepedia?

A free, ad-free encyclopedia for children. Every article is written at five reading levels, so the same page works for a five-year-old and a fifteen-year-old — use the level switcher above to see this one change. No account needed to read.