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Costume

language culture Maturity 11-13 Next article →

Costume refers to the distinctive style of dress or makeup used by an individual or group. It serves as a visual reflection of culture, including class, gender, occupation, ethnicity, or nationality. While the term was once used for any appropriate clothing, such as swimming or evening wear, its meaning has become more specific. Today, it often describes unusual, out-of-date, or theatrical clothing intended to change a person's identity.

Qajar Persia costume
Qajar Persia costume

This includes attire for Halloween, mascots, or stage performances.

The creation of a costume is a technical process involving several specialized roles. A costume designer first envisions the concept and overall appearance for a character. A costume technician then translates the designer's two-dimensional sketch into a physical garment. To create patterns, technicians use two main methods: draping and flat drafting. Draping is the art of manipulating fabric directly on a body form to see how it reacts to gravity. Flat drafting involves drawing patterns onto paper based on specific measurements.

yakshagana vesha
yakshagana vesha

Once the pattern is finished, the pieces are cut from fabric and sewn together.

There are many different types of costume usage across the globe. National or regional costumes express a local identity and often serve as a source of national pride. For example, the Scottish kilt and the Japanese kimono are well-known examples. In Bhutan, traditional dress is prescribed for both the people and the monarchy. Men wear a knee-length robe called a Gho, which is fastened at the waist with a Kera. This garment features a front pouch that once held food or daggers but now holds items like cell phones.

Samurai actors
Samurai actors

Women in Bhutan wear a three-piece outfit consisting of a long Kira, a Tego jacket, and a Wonju inner jacket.

History shows how costume traditions have evolved over centuries. The word "costume" has roots in the Italian language and passed through French. It can be traced back to the Latin word "consuetudo," which means custom or usage. Before ready-to-wear clothing was common, all garments were made by hand. By the early 20th century, professional costumiers often ran businesses to meet the demand for complex female attire. These businesses frequently specialized in millinery, which is hatmaking, and corsetry.

Costumes also play a vital role in religious festivals and holidays. Halloween costumes have roots in the pre-Christian Celtic festival of Samhain. During Samhain, people wore disguises to avoid evil spirits during the harvest. In the modern era, Halloween has become a major secular tradition in the United States. In 2022, American households spent an average of $100 on Halloween preparations, with $34 specifically for costumes.

Oldfashioned
Oldfashioned

Other traditions include the Jewish holiday of Purim, where people dress up to celebrate a change in destiny. In Buddhist regions like Tibet and Bhutan, the Cham dance uses masks and costumes as part of religious performance.

In the world of entertainment, theatrical costumes help actors portray characters and their specific contexts. These garments communicate information about a historical era, a geographic location, or even the current season. Some styles, like the Harlequin in Commedia dell'arte, use exaggeration to define a character. Beyond the stage, costumes appear in parades, such as the historical costume parades in Vienna. They are also used by mascots to represent businesses or sports teams.

Even figure skaters wear specialized costumes during their performances.

Finally, costume serves as a medium for personal expression and subcultures. Cosplay, which is short for "costume play," is a performance art where participants represent specific, named characters. This often involves highly detailed, homemade costumes that are judged on how well they imitate the subject. In the furry fandom, individuals wear animal costumes known as fursuits to match a specific "fursona."

University of Memphis Coed Cheerleaders
University of Memphis Coed Cheerleaders

For children, costumes provide a way to explore different roles, from superheroes to professional uniforms like those of nurses or firefighters.

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🖼️ Images & Media (7)
File:Samurai actors.jpg
Samurai actors.jpg
File:Qajar Persia costume.jpg
Qajar Persia costume.jpg
File:Oldfashioned.jpg
Oldfashioned.jpg
File:yakshagana vesha.jpg
yakshagana vesha.jpg
File:The Chief Firemouse, Mickey Mouse, Disney World (NBY 8235).jpg
The Chief Firemouse, Mickey Mouse, Disney...
File:University of Memphis Coed Cheerleaders.jpg
University of Memphis Coed Cheerleaders.jpg
File:Children in Bulgarian national costumes.jpg
Children in Bulgarian national costumes.jpg
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