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Consumer Reports (CR) is an American nonprofit and nonpartisan organization. It focuses on independent product testing and investigative journalism. The group also works in public education and consumer advocacy. Its goal is to provide research that helps people make better choices. CR has more than five million members today. They publish information through a website and a magazine. Phil Radford serves as the president and chief executive officer in 2025.

Consumer Reports logo 2016
Consumer Reports logo 2016

The organization follows a very strict method to ensure its results are honest. They maintain a policy of total independence from the companies they review. To do this, they use "secret shoppers" to buy products. These shoppers buy items at retail stores just like a regular customer. They do not accept free samples from manufacturers. This prevents companies from giving them better products than usual. This rule helps stop bribery and bias from affecting the scores.

Consumer Reports - product testing - auto test track in East Haddam, Connecticut
Consumer Reports - product testing - auto test track in East Haddam, Connecticut

Once a product is purchased, it goes to specialized laboratories. CR has dozens of these labs to test various items. They test everything from exercise equipment to televisions and mobile phones. Experts perform rigorous, standardized tests on every single product. They also use member surveys to gather real-world information. In 2007, the group began accepting advice from outside experts to improve test designs. However, they still make their own final assessments to protect their judgment.

The history of the organization began with a growing consumer movement. In 1927, F.J. Schlink and Stuart Chase published a book called "Your Money's Worth." This led Schlink to found a company called Consumers' Research. In 1933, that company moved its operations to New York City. Some employees there later tried to unionize because of unfair pay. Schlink fired the workers who were striking. These former employees then joined scientists and journalists to found Consumers Union in February 1936.

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3612-FirstConsumerReportsAd-NewMassesv19n08-pg24

Consumers Union grew quickly by building a community of readers. They worked with women's clubs and citizen groups to spread their message. By 1940, they had 71,000 subscribers, which surpassed the original company. They also faced significant resistance from large corporations. Some businesses tried to prove that consumer groups were unnecessary. In 1938, the House Un-American Activities Committee labeled them a "subversive" organization. They did this because of the group's ties to labor leaders. The group was eventually removed from that list.

Consumer Reports has a long history of changing laws and safety standards. In the 1950s, they reviewed car seat belts and showed their importance. They also conducted research on the dangers of cigarettes. In 2000, they testified before Congress about SUV rollover risks. This testimony helped the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration add rollover tests to their safety protocols. More recently, they helped pass a "right to repair" law in New York. This law allows consumers to choose how they get their technology fixed.

Consumer Reports - product testing - auto test track in East Haddam, Connecticut
Consumer Reports - product testing - auto test track in East Haddam, Connecticut

The organization also tackles modern digital and financial issues. They have investigated how AI-powered voice cloning can be used for fraud. They also advocate for data privacy and net neutrality. In the realm of food safety, they helped pass a law requiring heavy metal testing in baby food. They even investigate if companies are following these new safety laws. Their work helps protect people from scams and unfair financial practices, such as racial disparities in car insurance.

To make their findings easy to read, CR uses a specific rating system. In 2016, they updated their visual style to be more clear. They use color-coded circles to represent different levels of quality. A green circle means a product is excellent. A lime green circle means it is very good. A yellow circle means the product is good. An orange circle means it is fair, and a red circle means it is poor. As of 2025, they have published over 10,000 independent reviews using these methods.

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