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Chiang Mai

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Chiang Mai is a major urban center in northern Thailand.

CF-sunset
CF-sunset

It serves as the capital of Chiang Mai province. The city is the second-largest urban area in Thailand. It is located within the Thai highlands. This region is a broad basin surrounded by mountains. The city sits near the Ping River. This river is a major tributary of the Chao Phraya River.

Chiang Mai City Art and Cultural Center (I)
Chiang Mai City Art and Cultural Center (I)

The city's physical structure has changed significantly over time. The historic heart is a square area measuring 1.6 km by 1.6 km. This central zone was once protected by red brick walls and a moat.

Chiang mai
Chiang mai

Today, only remnants of these ancient walls remain. The modern city has expanded far beyond these original boundaries. The urban sprawl now reaches into six neighboring districts. These include Mae Rim, Doi Saket, San Kamphaeng, Hang Dong, Saraphi, and Suthep. The total urban area covers approximately 405 square kilometers.

Chiang Mai City Old Map Lan Na Kingdom
Chiang Mai City Old Map Lan Na Kingdom

Chiang Mai has a complex political and administrative structure. The city municipality, or thesaban nakhon, covers 40.2 square kilometers. This area is located within the Mueang Chiang Mai district. The municipality is divided into four electoral wards, known as khwaeng. These are Nakhon Ping, Sriwichai, Mengrai, and Kawila. The first three wards sit on the west bank of the Ping River. Kawila is located on the east bank. The city center is mostly located within the Sriwichai ward.

Chiang Mai Station 20230215-1
Chiang Mai Station 20230215-1

The history of the city dates back many centuries. The name Chiang Mai means "new city" in Thai. A leader named Mangrai founded the city in 1296. It succeeded Chiang Rai as the capital of the Lan Na kingdom. Later, the city was occupied by the Toungoo Empire in 1556. In 1774, it became part of the Thonburi Kingdom. This happened after King Taksin helped drive out Burmese forces. The modern municipal system began as a sanitary district in 1915. It was upgraded to a city municipality on March 29, 1935.

Lanna Folklife Museum (I)
Lanna Folklife Museum (I)

Demographics show that Chiang Mai is a rapidly growing metropolitan region. As of 2023, the city municipality has about 127,000 residents. However, the larger urban population is approximately 1.2 million people. The provincial population was projected to be 1.8 million in 2023. This makes the urban area twice as large as Nakhon Ratchasima. Nakhon Ratchasima is the third-largest city in Thailand with 500,000 people. Official figures may not count all migrant workers or non-permanent residents. Some estimates suggest the real population could reach 1.5 million.

Chiang Mai sunday evening walking street
Chiang Mai sunday evening walking street

The local climate is classified as a tropical savanna climate. This is known scientifically as Köppen Aw. The elevation averages 300 meters above sea level. The weather is generally warm or hot throughout the year. However, the mountains provide a moderate influence on the temperature. During the dry season, nighttime temperatures can become quite cool. This temperature shift can impact the health of elderly residents. The city is also surrounded by impressive natural features. The Thanon Thong Chai mountain range lies to the west. It includes the peaks of Doi Pui and Doi Suthep.

Intravarorot road sign
Intravarorot road sign

Chiang Mai is currently focusing on technological and cultural development. In 2017, UNESCO named it a Creative City for Crafts and Folk Arts.

Flower Festival Chiang Mai - P1150918
Flower Festival Chiang Mai - P1150918

The city is also working to become a "smart city." This initiative uses the Internet of Things and information technology. The goal is to collect data from sensors and social forums. This data helps managers handle traffic and environmental issues. One company, Prosoft Comtech, invested 300 million baht in an IT valley. This project aims to attract digital talent to the region.

GREEN BUS Chiang Mai Bus (1)
GREEN BUS Chiang Mai Bus (1)
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🖼️ Images & Media (15)
File:Chiang Mai City Old Map Lan Na Kingdom.png
Chiang Mai City Old Map Lan Na Kingdom.png
File:Chiang Mai City Art and Cultural Center (I).jpg
Chiang Mai City Art and Cultural Center (I).jpg
File:Lanna Folklife Museum (I).jpg
Lanna Folklife Museum (I).jpg
File:Chiang mai.jpg
Chiang mai.jpg
File:Loi Krathong 2010 John Shedrick.jpg
Loi Krathong 2010 John Shedrick.jpg
File:Songkran 012.jpg
Songkran 012.jpg
File:Flower Festival Chiang Mai - P1150918.JPG
Flower Festival Chiang Mai - P1150918.JPG
File:Inthakhin traditional Wat Chedi Luang Temple 2013.jpg
Inthakhin traditional Wat Chedi Luang...
File:Nam tok huai kaeo 04 lower reaches rainy season.JPG
Nam tok huai kaeo 04 lower reaches rainy...
File:CF-sunset.jpg
CF-sunset.jpg
File:Chiang Mai sunday evening walking street.jpg
Chiang Mai sunday evening walking street.jpg
File:Intravarorot road sign.jpg
Intravarorot road sign.jpg

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