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Canna (plant)

life science Maturity 5-7 Next article →

The canna is a beautiful flowering plant with huge, bright colors.

Canna Lily
Canna Lily

It belongs to a group called Cannaceae. While many people call it a canna lily, it is not a true lily. Instead, it is a close relative of bananas, gingers, and birds of paradise.

Canna Lily
Canna Lily

These plants are very important to people around the world. Some are grown just to look pretty in gardens. Others are grown on farms to provide food. This makes the canna a very useful plant for both nature and humans.

Growing a canna follows a very interesting way of working. The plant grows from thick, swollen stems under the dirt called rhizomes.

Canna Edulis 2003072001 0014
Canna Edulis 2003072001 0014

These rhizomes act like storage tanks for starch. Above the ground, the large leaves grow out of a stem in a tight roll. Then, the leaves slowly unfurl to become wide and flat.

Canna AugusteFerrier 1679
Canna AugusteFerrier 1679

The flowers are also special. They have small petals, but most of the bright color comes from modified parts called staminodes. These colorful parts help attract pollinators like bees, hummingbirds, and bats.

Humans have known about cannas for a very long time. In Latin America, Native Americans grew a type called Canna indica for thousands of years.

They used the starchy roots for food. A man named Charles de l'Ecluse was one of the first to describe this plant. He noted that even though it was called Canna indica, it actually came from the Americas. Later, in the 1860s, these plants began to grow in new places like Europe, India, and Africa.

Canna Alberich 20030824 014
Canna Alberich 20030824 014

There are many different types of cannas to learn about. Scientists used to think there were 50 to 100 different species. However, experts like Paul Maas and Nobuyuki Tanaka helped organize them into a smaller number.

Today, we know there are about 20 wild species. In gardens, people grow many different cultivars, which are special types made by humans. These can be tiny plants or very large ones. Some have leaves that are green, while others are maroon or even striped.

Cannas connect to many things we use every day. The starch in the rhizomes can be eaten by people or used to feed animals.

Canna fruits
Canna fruits

Even the seeds have jobs! Some people use them as beads for jewelry. In places like Zimbabwe, the seeds are used to make musical rattles called hosho.

hota-seed-canna
hota-seed-canna

In other areas, the stems can provide fiber for making things, and the leaves can even be used to make paper. It is amazing how much one plant can do.

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🖼️ Images & Media (15)
File:Canna AugusteFerrier 1679.jpg
Canna AugusteFerrier 1679.jpg
File:Canna Alberich 20030824 014.jpg
Canna Alberich 20030824 014.jpg
File:Cana Lily (not-a-real-lily) -- Canna.jpg
Cana Lily (not-a-real-lily) -- Canna.jpg
File:Canna Lily.jpg
Canna Lily.jpg
File:Red canna lily.jpg
Red canna lily.jpg
File:Pink Canna.JPG
Pink Canna.JPG
File:Canna Oberon 02.JPG
Canna Oberon 02.JPG
File:Canna YKH 1075.jpg
Canna YKH 1075.jpg
File:hota-seed-canna.jpg
hota-seed-canna.jpg
File:Cannaceae Canna L. Golden Gate.JPG
Cannaceae Canna L. Golden Gate.JPG
File:Canna TheresaBlakey 1061.jpg
Canna TheresaBlakey 1061.jpg
File:Canna Edulis 2003072001 0014.jpg
Canna Edulis 2003072001 0014.jpg

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