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Bumper cars

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Bumper cars are a popular type of flat amusement ride. People also call them dodgems, dashing cars, or bumping cars. These rides consist of multiple small, electrically powered vehicles. Riders drive these cars around a track to bump or dodge one another.

The main goal is to experience the excitement of collisions. To keep the cars moving smoothly, graphite is often sprinkled on the metal floor. This substance helps to decrease friction during the ride.

Each vehicle is equipped with a rubber bumper for protection. Drivers use a steering wheel and an accelerator to control their movement. Interestingly, the steering wheel also controls direction in a unique way. If a driver turns the wheel far enough in either direction, the car moves backward. This feature is very helpful during frequent pile-ups.

H2199 Bumper Cars - Autorata C
H2199 Bumper Cars - Autorata C

Operators can also turn the cars on and off remotely.

To move, these cars must draw electricity from a power source. The oldest method is the overhead system, or OHS. This system uses a conductive floor and a conductive ceiling. The floor and ceiling have opposing power polarities. A pole-mounted contact shoe on the car touches the ceiling. Meanwhile, contacts under the vehicle touch the floor. This connection forms a complete electric circuit.

State Fair, October 1940 (21548679213)
State Fair, October 1940 (21548679213)

Another method is the floor pick-up system, or FPU. This newer method uses metal strips across the floor. These strips are separated by insulating spacers. An array of brushes under the car makes contact with these strips. The car is large enough to cover at least two strips at once. This ensures a complete circuit is always maintained.

A third method is used on Quantum-class cruise ships. These cars run on electric batteries instead of floor or ceiling grids. This allows the SeaPlex venue to be multipurpose. It can change from a bumper car ride into a basketball court. However, there is a disadvantage to this method. The cars require several hours to recharge their batteries.

The history of these rides began in the early 1920s. Max Stoehrer and his son Harold filed a patent for an "Amusement Apparatus." This became the basis for their Dodgem cars. They designed the cars to be difficult to control. They wanted the cars to follow irregular and undefined paths. This was done to produce different sensations for the riders. They specifically wanted the cars to collide with each other.

State Fair, October 1940 (21548679213)
State Fair, October 1940 (21548679213)

From the late 1920s to the 1950s, two major brands dominated the United States. One was Dodgem by the Stoeherers. The other was the Auto-Skooter by the Lusse Brothers. Joseph and Robert Lusse owned this second company.

The Lusse Brothers were innovators in car design. In 1959, they built the first fiberglass car bodies. This decision followed the success of Chevrolet Corvette bodies. The brothers actually bought Corvette chevrons from local dealers in Philadelphia. They attached these parts to the nose of their cars. In the mid-1960s, Disneyland tried a different approach. They introduced Flying Saucers, which were hovercraft-based bumper cars. They worked like an air hockey game, but the ride was a mechanical failure. It closed after only a few years.

Today, several large bumper car floors exist in the United States. The largest operating floor is at Six Flags Great America in Gurnee, Illinois. This ride is called Rue Le Dodge. During the fall, it is renamed Rue Le Morgue for Fright Fest. Another large floor was the Autobahn at Six Flags Great Adventure. However, that ride has not operated since 2008. Some tracks have rules like "No head-on bumping" for safety. Many riders, especially teenagers and children, often ignore these signs to continue bumping.

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File:H2199 Bumper Cars - Autorata C.JPG
H2199 Bumper Cars - Autorata C.JPG
File:State Fair, October 1940 (21548679213).jpg
State Fair, October 1940 (21548679213).jpg
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