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Breakdown (vehicle)

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A vehicle breakdown is a mechanical or electrical failure. This failure makes a motor vehicle inoperable. It can also make driving the vehicle unsafe.

Broken down yellow cab-type taxi in NYC 2009
Broken down yellow cab-type taxi in NYC 2009

Breakdowns can happen for many different reasons. Drivers might face problems with the engine or the battery. Some issues are small and easy to fix. Other issues are large and require professional help. Understanding these failures helps drivers prepare for trouble on the road.

There are two main levels of vehicle disability. The first level is a total breakdown. In this case, the vehicle becomes totally immobile. It cannot be driven even a short distance. A driver must use a tow truck to move it. They might also need roadside assistance or a mobile technician. The second level is a partial breakdown. The vehicle may still be operable during a partial breakdown. However, its operation might be limited or more dangerous. Continuing to drive can also cause further damage to the vehicle.

Southern Vectis 3362 HW54 DCO breakdown at Newport bus station exit
Southern Vectis 3362 HW54 DCO breakdown at Newport bus station exit

Many specific failures can cause a vehicle to stop working. In the United Kingdom, the RAC attended almost two million breakdowns in 2014. Battery problems were the most common cause of these calls. These issues accounted for more than 450,000 call-outs. Other top ten causes include engine issues and a faulty alternator. Drivers also face problems with damaged tires or wheels. Electrical issues and starter motor problems are common too. Other causes include damaged clutch wires, brake problems, fuel problems, or lost car keys.

Vehicle age plays a major role in the type of breakdown. Data from AAA shows that age changes the risks. Vehicles ten years and older are twice as likely to be immobilized. The odds of needing a tow quadruple for these older vehicles. Vehicles under five years old have different common issues. They have a higher proportion of tire, key, and fuel problems. One in five service calls for these newer vehicles requires a tow. Vehicles between six and ten years old see the most battery issues. This happens because most batteries have a life of three to five years.

Geography and seasons also influence when breakdowns occur. In the United States, drivers in the West experience the most breakdowns. This is followed by the South, the Northeast, and the Midwest. Seasonal changes also affect the number of roadside assistance calls. These calls peak in the summer with 8.3 million instances. Winter is the second busiest season with 8.1 million calls. Fall follows with 7.8 million calls. Spring has the lowest peak at 7.7 million calls.

Drivers can sometimes use third parties to cover the costs. A factory warranty may cover repairs and towing. This applies if the cause is warrantable and fixed at a certified dealership. An extended warranty or service contract is another option. These are often purchased at the time of vehicle sale. They usually include roadside assistance. Some auto insurance policies also provide coverage. Comprehensive policies may cover repairs, roadside assistance, towing, and rental expenses. Drivers can also purchase separate roadside assistance plans through clubs or mobile phone subscriptions.

Preventing a breakdown is often a matter of regular maintenance. Millions of roadside breakdowns could be prevented every year. In America, 35 percent of people skip or delay recommended service. This happens because of busy schedules or economic difficulty. Waiting to perform necessary maintenance can increase the chance of a breakdown. It can also induce further damage to the vehicle. Most importantly, delaying repairs can cause more danger to the driver.

Southern Vectis 3362 HW54 DCO breakdown at Newport bus station exit
Southern Vectis 3362 HW54 DCO breakdown at Newport bus station exit
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File:London Feb 10 2008 CoS protest AB 13.JPG
London Feb 10 2008 CoS protest AB 13.JPG
File:Southern Vectis 3362 HW54 DCO breakdown at Newport bus station exit.jpeg
Southern Vectis 3362 HW54 DCO breakdown...
File:Broken down yellow cab-type taxi in NYC 2009.jpg
Broken down yellow cab-type taxi in NYC 2009.jpg
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