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Bougainvillea

life science Maturity 5-7 Next article →

The bougainvillea is a beautiful plant used for decoration.

Bougainvillea, Behbahan
Bougainvillea, Behbahan

It can grow as a vine, a bush, or a tree. These plants belong to the Nyctaginaceae family. They are native to many parts of South America, including Brazil, Bolivia, Peru, and Argentina. They also grow in Mexico and Paraguay.

Pink Bougainvillea
Pink Bougainvillea

Many people love them because they look so bright. They are perfect for hanging baskets or growing along walls. Some people even use them for bonsai.

At first glance, the plant looks very colorful. However, the true flowers are actually quite small and white.

Starr 080610-8171 Bougainvillea spectabilis
Starr 080610-8171 Bougainvillea spectabilis

Each small flower is surrounded by three or six bracts. Bracts are special leaves that look like petals. These bracts come in many colors like pink, red, orange, and purple. One kind is called the "paper flower" because the bracts are thin. The plant also has long, heart-shaped leaves. It uses sharp thorns to scramble over other plants.

Humans have been studying this plant for a long time. An explorer named Louis Antoine de Bougainville traveled the world. A botanist named Philibert Commerçon went on that same trip. He was the first European to describe the plant. Later, Antoine Laurent de Jussieu published information about it in 1789. For a while, the name was spelled in many different ways. It was not until the 1930s that the name "Bougainvillea" became official.

There are many different types of these plants. Scientists recognize between 4 and 22 species in this group. Some people thought B. spectabilis and B. glabra were the same. Botanists learned they were different in the mid-1980s. There are even over 300 different varieties today. Some are hybrids, which happen when two different types breed together.

Bougainvillea glabra at Kadavoor
Bougainvillea glabra at Kadavoor

One example is B. × buttiana, which comes from B. glabra and B. peruviana.

Bougainvillea grows best in warm, sunny places.

Island Greece Santorini Flowers Blue Travel Sea
Island Greece Santorini Flowers Blue Travel Sea

They like bright sun and dry soil. They do not need much water once they are established. This makes them great for salty coastal areas. They are the official flower for many places, like the island of Guam. They are also the national flower of Grenada. You should be careful if you touch them, though. The sap can cause a skin rash.

Никитский ботанический сад 022
Никитский ботанический сад 022
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🖼️ Images & Media (6)
File:Bougainvillea, Behbahan.jpg
Bougainvillea, Behbahan.jpg
File:Starr 080610-8171 Bougainvillea spectabilis.jpg
Starr 080610-8171 Bougainvillea spectabilis.jpg
File:Bougainvillea glabra at Kadavoor.jpg
Bougainvillea glabra at Kadavoor.jpg
File:Pink Bougainvillea.jpg
Pink Bougainvillea.jpg
File:Island_Greece_Santorini_Flowers_Blue_Travel_Sea.jpg
Island_Greece_Santorini_Flowers_Blue_Trave...
File:Никитский ботанический сад 022.jpg
Никитский ботанический сад 022.jpg
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