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Strelitzia

life science Maturity 11-13 Next article →

Strelitzia is a group of five plant species from South Africa.

Strelitzia reginae MHNT.BOT.2009.13.52
Strelitzia reginae MHNT.BOT.2009.13.52

Many people call them bird of paradise flowers. They look like colorful birds in flight. In South Africa, people often call them crane flowers. These plants are very special to certain places. They are the floral emblem for the City of Los Angeles. You can even find them on the South African 50-cent coin.

Bird of Paradise (2367720567)
Bird of Paradise (2367720567)

These plants have a very interesting way of making seeds. They do not use insects like many other flowers do. Instead, they rely on birds like sunbirds and blue-faced honeyeaters.

Strelitzia juncea flower
Strelitzia juncea flower

The flowers grow from a thick part called a spathe. When a bird lands on the spathe, its weight makes it open. This action drops pollen onto the feet of the bird. The bird then carries that pollen to the next flower it visits. This is believed to be the only plant group that uses bird feet for pollination.

History tells us how these plants got their name. Joseph Banks gave the genus its name. He named it to honor Queen Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz.

Strelizia nicolai
Strelizia nicolai

The plants belong to the Strelitziaceae family. There are five main species in this group. One species, S. juncea, might actually be a mutation of S. reginae. Scientists think it is in the process of becoming its own kind. This shows how nature is always changing in small ways.

Different species of Strelitzia grow in many different ways. The S. nicolai is the largest species in the group. It can grow as tall as 10 meters. It has white and blue flowers and large leaves. These leaves look like banana leaves and grow in a fan shape.

Strelizia nicolai
Strelizia nicolai

Other species like S. caudata are smaller trees. You can find S. alba along the Garden Route in South Africa. S. nicolai grows in places like Mozambique and Zimbabwe. Each species has its own special home in the wild.

Learning about these plants helps us understand our world better. If a place has no sunbirds, people must help the plants by hand. They must perform hand pollination to help the plants make seeds.

Strelizia nicolai
Strelizia nicolai

These plants are also very safe for people with allergies. They do not produce pollen that flies through the wind. They have a very low allergy rating on the OPALS scale. This makes them a lovely choice for many gardens and homes.

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🖼️ Images & Media (6)
File:Strelitzia reginae MHNT.BOT.2009.13.52.jpg
Strelitzia reginae MHNT.BOT.2009.13.52.jpg
File:Strelitzia alba 001.jpg
Strelitzia alba 001.jpg
File:Fleur du Strelitzia Caudata . Elle est très ressemblante a celle du Strelitzia Nicolai ( Strelitzia blanc ).jpg
Fleur du Strelitzia Caudata . Elle est...
File:Strelizia nicolai.JPG
Strelizia nicolai.JPG
File:Bird of Paradise (2367720567).jpg
Bird of Paradise (2367720567).jpg
File:Strelitzia juncea flower.jpg
Strelitzia juncea flower.jpg
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