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Billie Jean

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"Billie Jean" is a landmark song by American singer Michael Jackson.

Billie Jean music video
Billie Jean music video

Released on January 2, 1983, by Epic Records, it served as the second single from his sixth studio album, "Thriller." The track is a complex blend of several musical genres. It combines post-disco, R&B, funk, and dance-pop. Jackson wrote the song himself and co-produced it with Quincy Jones. The song is famous for its driving rhythm and its impact on global pop culture.

The production of the song involved highly specific technical choices. It begins with a standard drum beat and hi-hat. A cabasa and a repetitive bassline join the rhythm two bars later. Every time the music passes through the tonic, a distorted synth bass doubles the note. A three-note synthesizer part follows, played staccato with deep reverb. Jackson's vocals enter quietly alongside a finger-snap. The arrangement is often described as "sleek, post-soul pop music" due to its minimal and precise instrumentation.

Many different musicians contributed unique sounds to the recording. Bill Wolfer designed a hybrid sound on a Yamaha CS-80 synthesizer. This sound combined the qualities of brass and strings to create a vocal-like effect. Engineer Bruce Swedien used a six-foot cardboard tube for Jackson's vocal overdubs. Swedien also built a custom platform for the drum kit to create a unique "sonic personality." He placed a flat piece of wood between the snare and the hi-hat. This helped ensure the first few notes of the drums were instantly recognizable.

Jackson drew inspiration from his personal experiences and observations. He stated the lyrics were based on "groupies" encountered while touring with the Jackson 5. These fans often claimed that his brothers were the fathers of their children. A biographer also noted that Jackson received disturbing letters from a woman in 1981. She claimed he was the father of her twins, though he had never met her. These experiences of false claims and intense attention shaped the song's narrative about a woman named Billie Jean.

"Billie Jean" achieved massive commercial success across the globe. It reached number one on the Billboard Hot 100 on March 5, 1983. The single remained at the top for seven weeks. It also topped the Billboard Hot Black Singles chart within three weeks. The song was number one in the UK, Canada, France, and several other nations. In the US, the single is certified diamond. It was one of the best-selling singles of 1983 and helped "Thriller" become the best-selling album of all time.

The song's impact extended beyond the music charts into visual performance. During the "Motown 25" TV special, Jackson introduced several iconic elements. These included his rhinestone glove, a black sequined jacket, and high-water pants. He also performed the "moonwalk," a dance move that was widely imitated. The music video, directed by Steve Barron, was a historical milestone. It was the first video by a Black artist to receive heavy rotation on MTV. This helped establish music videos as a vital tool for marketing popular music.

Critics and historians have consistently ranked the song among the greatest ever made. Billboard ranked it as the number two song of 1983. In 2000, a list by Rolling Stone and MTV named it the sixth-greatest pop song since 1963. The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame included it in their "500 Songs that Shaped Rock and Roll." It has won two Grammy Awards and an American Music Award. The song remains a central part of music history due to its technical innovation and cultural reach.

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File:Billie Jean music video.jpg
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