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Beijing National Stadium

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The Beijing National Stadium is a massive architectural landmark in China.

Beijing National Stadium 1
Beijing National Stadium 1

Located at the Olympic Green in the Chaoyang district, it is famously known as the "Bird's Nest." This nickname comes from its unique, tangled appearance. The stadium was primarily designed for the 2008 Summer Olympics and Paralympics. It later hosted the 2022 Winter Olympics and Paralympics as well. It stands as a major public space for the city of Beijing.

Beijing National Stadium 2008.08-3
Beijing National Stadium 2008.08-3

The stadium functions through two independent, separate structures. These two parts stand 50 feet apart from one another. The first part is a red concrete seating bowl. The second part is an outer steel frame that surrounds the bowl. To support the structure, twenty-four trussed columns encase the inner bowl. Each of these massive columns weighs 1,000 tons. Although the steel looks random, each half of the stadium is nearly symmetrical.

Beijing National Stadium Interior 200709
Beijing National Stadium Interior 200709

Engineers used several complex systems to manage the environment inside the stadium. A 24-hour-per-day rainwater collector sits near the building. This system purifies water for use throughout the stadium grounds. Under the playing surface, a network of pipes manages the temperature. These pipes gather heat during the winter to warm the stadium. In the summer, they disperse heat to keep the area cool. The design also optimizes airflow and temperature across every surface for better ventilation.

The design process involved a global competition and careful study. In 2001, Beijing held a bidding process to find the best arena design. The Swiss architecture firm Herzog & de Meuron won the award in April 2003. Their design was chosen from 13 final submissions. The architects studied Chinese ceramics to inspire the "porous" look of the building. They also worked with Chinese architect Li Xinggang and artistic consultant Ai Weiwei. Originally, the design included a retractable roof, which inspired the nest look. This roof was later removed to simplify the project and reduce costs.

Construction of the stadium was a monumental task involving many people. Ground was broken on December 24, 2003. At the height of construction, 17,000 workers were on the site. The project used 121,000 tons of steel, all manufactured in China. The stadium officially opened on June 28, 2008. One remarkable feat occurred on May 14, 2008, when the grass field was laid. This 7,811-square-meter modular turf system was installed in only 24 hours.

The nest of fireworks - panoramio
The nest of fireworks - panoramio

The stadium's capacity has changed throughout its history due to design shifts. The original plan intended to hold 100,000 people. However, 9,000 seats were removed during a simplification process. This brought the total to 91,000. After the 2008 Olympics, 11,000 temporary seats were also removed. This leaves the stadium with a current permanent capacity of 80,000 people. The total cost of the stadium was US$428 million.

League of Legends World Championship 2017 Finals
League of Legends World Championship 2017 Finals

Since the Olympics, the Bird's Nest has hosted a wide variety of events. It has held football matches, such as the 2009 Supercoppa Italiana. It also hosted the 2017 League of Legends World Championship finals.

League of Legends World Championship 2017 Finals
League of Legends World Championship 2017 Finals

Other events include motor racing like the 2009 Race of Champions. The stadium even hosts large concerts and opera performances. It is a versatile venue that connects sports, gaming, and music. This makes it a central hub for international culture in Beijing.

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🖼️ Images & Media (5)
File:Beijing National Stadium 2008.08-3.jpg
Beijing National Stadium 2008.08-3.jpg
File:Beijing National Stadium 1.jpg
Beijing National Stadium 1.jpg
File:Beijing National Stadium Interior 200709.jpg
Beijing National Stadium Interior 200709.jpg
File:The nest of fireworks - panoramio.jpg
The nest of fireworks - panoramio.jpg
File:League of Legends World Championship 2017 Finals.jpg
League of Legends World Championship 2017...
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