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Atheism

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Atheism is a word used to describe people who do not have a belief in gods.

Atheismsymbol endorsed by AAI
Atheismsymbol endorsed by AAI

Some people define it broadly as simply lacking a belief in any deity. Others use a narrower definition to mean the specific position that no gods exist. This idea is often contrasted with theism. Theism is the belief that at least one god or divine being exists. Because people view the world in many ways, there are many ways to talk about atheism. It is a subject that touches on how we understand truth and existence.

AtheismImplicitExplicit3
AtheismImplicitExplicit3

There are different ways to categorize these views. Some thinkers talk about "strong" or "positive" atheism. This is when someone explicitly says that gods do not exist. Other people hold a "weak" or "negative" view. These people do not believe in gods but do not make a formal claim that gods are impossible. This can also be described as implicit atheism. An implicit atheist might be a young child who has not learned about gods yet.

AtheismImplicitExplicit3
AtheismImplicitExplicit3

This child does not have a belief, but they have not actively rejected one either.

History shows that these ideas have been around for a very long time. We can find evidence of atheistic views in classical antiquity. We can also see them in early Indian philosophy. In the Western world, these views declined after Christianity became very common. However, atheistic thought returned during the 16th century and the Age of Enlightenment in Europe.

In the past, some people believed that everyone was born believing in a god. This idea was called theistic innatism. It suggested that anyone who did not believe was simply in denial.

Many different arguments are used to explain why someone might not believe. Some people use scientific approaches to look at the world. Others use philosophical or social reasons. Some argue that there is a lack of evidence for gods. Others point to the problem of evil or the way different religions tell different stories.

Professor Richard Dawkins - March 2005
Professor Richard Dawkins - March 2005

Some thinkers, like David Hume, suggested that we cannot be certain about things we cannot observe. Others argue that the burden of proof should be on those who claim gods exist. They believe it is the job of the theist to provide a reason for their belief.

Today, atheism is a significant position held by many people worldwide. Estimates suggest that between 500 million and 1.1 billion people lack a belief in deities.

Countries by percentage of Unaffiliated–Pew Research 2010
Countries by percentage of Unaffiliated–Pew Research 2010

Some people also discuss how atheism relates to agnosticism. An agnostic is someone who says we cannot know if a god exists. Some atheists believe they are also agnostics. Others feel the two ideas are quite different. Many atheist organizations work to defend things like freedom of thought and the autonomy of science. They seek to promote secular ethics and secularism in the world.

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🖼️ Images & Media (14)
File:Atheismsymbol endorsed by AAI.svg
Atheismsymbol endorsed by AAI.svg
File:AtheismImplicitExplicit3.svg
AtheismImplicitExplicit3.svg
File:Professor Richard Dawkins - March 2005.jpg
Professor Richard Dawkins - March 2005.jpg
File:Heavens Above Her.jpg
Heavens Above Her.jpg
File:Campolo_Lecture.jpg
Campolo_Lecture.jpg
File:JSJoseSaramago.jpg
JSJoseSaramago.jpg
File:Lucretius pointing to the casus.jpg
Lucretius pointing to the casus.jpg
File:Titi Lucretii Cari De rerum natura.jpg
Titi Lucretii Cari De rerum natura.jpg
File:Denis Diderot by Louis-Michel van Loo.jpg
Denis Diderot by Louis-Michel van Loo.jpg
File:Bertrand Russell photo.jpg
Bertrand Russell photo.jpg
File:'Het Denkgelag' January 26th 2015 with Richard Dawkins, Lawrence Krauss and Julia Galef (cropped).jpg
'Het Denkgelag' January 26th 2015 with...
File:Countries by percentage of Unaffiliated–Pew Research 2010.svg
Countries by percentage of...

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