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Area

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Area tells us how much space a flat shape covers on a surface.

RectangleLengthWidth
RectangleLengthWidth

You can imagine area as the amount of paint needed to cover a shape with one coat. It is also like the amount of material you would need to build a model of that shape. While length measures a single line, area measures a two-dimensional region. If you want to know the size of the boundary of a 3D object, that is called surface area.

Kugel-1-tab
Kugel-1-tab

Area is a very important part of math and geometry. It helps us understand how much space things take up in our world.

We measure area by comparing shapes to small squares.

SquareMeterQuadrat
SquareMeterQuadrat

In the International System of Units, the standard unit is the square metre. This is the area of a square with sides that are one metre long. You can also use square centimetres or square millimetres for smaller things. For very large spaces, people use square kilometres.

Area conversion - square mm in a square cm
Area conversion - square mm in a square cm

There are many different units depending on what you are measuring. For example, an acre is often used to measure land. Even tiny things in nuclear physics use a unit called a barn.

Finding the area of a shape often involves using special formulas.

RectangleLengthWidth
RectangleLengthWidth

For a rectangle, you find the area by multiplying the length by the width. A square is a special rectangle where all sides are the same. You can also find the area of a parallelogram by turning it into a rectangle.

ParallelogramArea
ParallelogramArea

Many other shapes are found by cutting them into pieces. A triangle can be seen as half of a parallelogram.

TriangleArea
TriangleArea

By dividing any polygon into triangles, you can find its total area. This method helps us solve many different math puzzles.

History shows that people have studied area for a very long time.

Archimedes sphere and cylinder
Archimedes sphere and cylinder

In the 5th century BCE, Hippocrates of Chios studied the area of a disk. Eudoxus of Cnidus also found that a disk's area relates to its radius. The famous mathematician Archimedes used clever methods to study circles. He showed that a circle's area is like a specific right triangle.

CircleArea
CircleArea

Later, Brahmagupta created a formula for certain four-sided shapes in the 7th century CE. In the 17th century, René Descartes helped create new ways to find areas. These discoveries helped lead to the invention of calculus.

Area is used in many different ways in modern science. It is a basic property used in a field called differential geometry. It also relates to things like determinants in linear algebra.

Integral as region under curve
Integral as region under curve

When shapes have curved edges, mathematicians use calculus to find the area. This is because curves are harder to measure with simple squares. Calculus allows us to find the area under a curve very accurately.

Areabetweentwographs
Areabetweentwographs

Whether you are measuring a small square or a huge field, area is everywhere. It helps us describe the size of the world around us.

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🖼️ Images & Media (33)
File:SquareMeterQuadrat.JPG
SquareMeterQuadrat.JPG
File:Area conversion - square mm in a square cm.png
Area conversion - square mm in a square cm.png
File:RectangleLengthWidth.svg
RectangleLengthWidth.svg
File:ParallelogramArea.svg
ParallelogramArea.svg
File:TriangleArea.svg
TriangleArea.svg
File:CircleArea.svg
CircleArea.svg
File:Archimedes sphere and cylinder.svg
Archimedes sphere and cylinder.svg
File:Triangle_GeometryArea.svg
Triangle_GeometryArea.svg
File:Integral as region under curve.svg
Integral as region under curve.svg
File:Areabetweentwographs.svg
Areabetweentwographs.svg
File:Simple square with sides marked.svg
Simple square with sides marked.svg
File:Rechteck-ab.svg
Rechteck-ab.svg

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