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Amravati

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Amravati is a major urban center in the state of Maharashtra, India. It is located within the Vidarbha region. The city holds significant administrative importance for the area. It serves as the headquarters for the Amravati district. It also manages the Amravati Division. This division includes the districts of Akola, Buldhana, Washim, and Yavatmal. Amravati is the ninth largest city in Maharashtra. It is also the second largest city in the Vidarbha region. The city is part of the Smart Cities Mission. This is a special government program to improve urban areas.

The geography of Amravati is defined by its position near natural divides. The city sits at an average elevation of 343 meters. It is located near mountain passes through the hills. These hills separate two important agricultural areas. To the west is the Purna basin. To the east is the Wardha basin. Both basins are known for growing cotton. The city is about 80 km from Chikhaldara. Chikhaldara is the only hill station in the Vidarbha region. Amravati is situated 663 kilometers east of Mumbai. It is also 152 kilometers west of Nagpur.

The climate in Amravati is classified as tropical wet and dry. This means the city experiences distinct seasons. Summers are hot and dry from March to June. The monsoon season brings rain from July to October. Winters are mild to cool from November to March. The temperature extremes in the city are quite high. The highest temperature ever recorded was 49.1 °C in May 2013. The lowest recorded temperature was 5.0 °C in February 1887. Despite the heat, the city is known for its air quality. In 2024, it ranked 2nd as a National Clean Air City in India.

History provides evidence of long-term human settlement in the region. A marble statue of the Jain tirthankara Rishabhanatha was installed in 1097. This inscription proves people lived there in the 11th century. In the 13th century, the Yadav kings of Devagiree ruled the area. A severe drought occurred in the 14th century. Many residents fled to Gujarat and Malwa during this time. Later, the population returned, though it was initially sparse. In the 16th century, Aurangzeb gave land to the Jamia Masjid. This shows a history of Hindu and Muslim coexistence. In 1722, the city became known as Bhosle ki Amravati.

The city's name has an interesting origin. The ancient name was Udumbravati. This evolved into the Prakrit form, Umbravati. Over many centuries, the name became Amravati. Some believe the name comes from the historic Ambadevi temple. The city has seen many changes in governance. It was once governed by the Nizam and Bhosle Union states. British forces took control of the Gavilgad Fort in 1803. In 1983, Amravati became the second Municipal corporation in Vidarbha. The corporation manages an area of 121.65 square kilometers.

Demographics show a diverse and literate population. In 2011, the city population was 646,801 people. There were 330,544 males and 316,257 females. The sex ratio was 957 females per 1000 males. The effective literacy rate was 93.03%. Hinduism is the largest religion at 61.8%. Islam follows at 23.7%, and Buddhism is 12.8%. Marathi is the most spoken language. Urdu is the second most spoken language. Hindi and Marwari are spoken by nearly 15% of the people. Sindhi is spoken by 3% of the residents.

Transport links connect Amravati to many other parts of India. The city is served by three railway stations.

Amravati new railway station
Amravati new railway station

The main Amravati railway station is a terminus. A new station building was inaugurated on 10 December 2011. Badnera Junction is an important nearby station. It connects the area to the Howrah-Nagpur-Mumbai line. National Highway 6 also passes through the city. For air travel, there is an airport at Bellora. Alliance Air operates flights to Mumbai on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays. Local travel includes star city buses and auto rickshaws. The city also features a special bus service for women.

Education and sports are active parts of city life. Amravati is home to Sant Gadge Baba Amravati University. It also has several engineering and medical colleges. The Territorial Army Parade Ground is a major sports venue. It was formerly known as the Reforms Club Ground. The first recorded cricket match there was in 1958. The ground hosts football and cricket matches. It hosted a Ranji Trophy match in 1976. The Hanuman Vyayam Prasarak Mandal Ground also hosts first-class cricket. These facilities support the athletic culture of the region.

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