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Alytidae

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The Alytidae are a family of primitive frogs. They are often called midwife toads or painted frogs. These amphibians are important for understanding ancient lineages of frogs. Most species in this family are endemic to Europe. This means they are found nowhere else on Earth. Three species also live in northwest Africa. One specific species is found in Israel. This discovery was surprising to many scientists.

PikiWiki Israel 79040 latonia nigriventer
PikiWiki Israel 79040 latonia nigriventer

Scientists use specific rules to name these animals. This family is also known by the name Discoglossidae. However, the name Alytidae is the older name. In science, the older name has priority. This means major reference works use Alytidae. Some researchers disagree with this naming. They believe the groups Alytes and Discoglossus are different enough to be separate. If they are correct, the family name Discoglossidae might be used again. This shows how scientific classification can change.

Benny Trapp Alytes cisternasii
Benny Trapp Alytes cisternasii

The family is divided into three living genera. The first genus is called Alytes. These animals look somewhat like toads. They are often found living on land. This genus includes the Iberian midwife toad. It also includes the southern, Moroccan, and Majorcan midwife toads. The common midwife toad is another member.

The second genus is called Discoglossus. These frogs are smoother than the Alytes. They look more like typical frogs. These species prefer to live in the water. This group includes the common painted frog. Other species include the West Iberian, Spanish, Corsican, Tyrrhenian, and Moroccan painted frogs. All species in the Alytidae family share one trait. They all have tadpoles that live in ponds.

The third living genus is Latonia. This group contains very special species. One member is the Hula painted frog. Scientists once thought this frog was extinct. This means they believed it had died out completely. However, it was recently rediscovered in Israel. Other species in this genus include Latonia gigantea and Latonia seyfriedi.

PikiWiki Israel 79040 latonia nigriventer
PikiWiki Israel 79040 latonia nigriventer

History shows that this family has changed over time. Other groups used to be part of the Alytidae. The genera Bombina and Barbourula were once included here. Now, scientists have moved them to a family called Bombinatoridae. There is also a history of fossil frogs. Many prehistoric frogs were called discoglossids. These fossils share plesiomorphic traits with modern alytids. Plesiomorphic means they have ancestral characteristics. However, these fossils are probably not closely related to the living family.

Many extinct genera also belong to the history of Alytidae. These include prehistoric groups like Enneabatrachus and Aralobatrachus. Other extinct genera include Callobatrachus, Bakonybatrachus, and Eodiscoglossus. These fossils help scientists trace the history of amphibians. They show how different types of frogs appeared in the past. The study of these creatures connects biology to the deep history of the Earth.

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🖼️ Images & Media (3)
File:Benny Trapp Alytes cisternasii.jpg
Benny Trapp Alytes cisternasii.jpg
File:BennyTrapp Cädiz-Scheibenzüngler bzw Iberischer Scheibenzüngler Discoglossus (galganoi) jeannaea.jpg
BennyTrapp Cädiz-Scheibenzüngler bzw...
File:PikiWiki Israel 79040 latonia nigriventer.jpg
PikiWiki Israel 79040 latonia nigriventer.jpg
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