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Airbnb

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Airbnb, Inc. is a major American company that operates an online marketplace. This platform connects people looking for short-term or long-term homestays with people who have space to rent. It also offers various experiences and services in many different countries and regions. The company functions as a broker between the host and the guest. To do this, Airbnb charges a commission, which is a fee, from every booking made through the site.

The mechanism of the marketplace relies on a digital connection between two parties. First, a host lists their living space on the Airbnb website or mobile app. They provide details and photos to describe the property. Next, a traveler searches for lodging in a specific location. Once a traveler selects a listing and completes a booking, the platform manages the transaction. This process allows travelers to find unique accommodations while allowing hosts to earn money from their extra space.

Airbnb has developed several distinct types of offerings to serve different traveler needs. In November 2016, the company launched "experiences," which allows users to book local activities. They also created "Airbnb Plus," a collection of homes that are vetted for specific standards of design and comfort. Additionally, they offer "Beyond by Airbnb," which focuses on luxury vacation rentals. These different categories help the company reach many types of travelers, from budget backpackers to luxury seekers.

The history of the company began with a simple need for rent money. In October 2007, roommates Brian Chesky and Joe Gebbia lived in San Francisco. They noticed travelers struggled to find lodging during a local design conference. They placed air mattresses in their living room and offered breakfast to guests. This successful experiment led them to form a business. In February 2008, Nathan Blecharczyk joined as the third co-founder and chief technology officer. They originally named the venture "AirBed & Breakfast" before shortening it to Airbnb.com in March 2009.

To grow, the founders had to find creative ways to raise money. In 2008, they sold cereal named after presidential candidates Barack Obama and John McCain to fund their idea. This helped them eventually join the Y Combinator startup incubator in January 2009. Y Combinator provided $20,000 in funding in exchange for a 6% interest in the company. By March 2009, the platform had already reached 10,000 users and 2,500 listings. The company grew significantly over the following decade, reaching a point where two million people stayed with Airbnb every night by October 2019.

As a global company, Airbnb has faced many complex challenges and regulatory issues. In 2016, the company hired former Attorney General Eric Holder to help create anti-discrimination policies. This followed reports of hosts refusing guests based on their names. The company also manages complicated international laws. For example, Airbnb ceased operations in China in May 2022. This was due to expensive regulations regarding guest data and a decline in business. The company also had to navigate international sanctions by suspending business in Russia and Belarus in March 2022.

Airbnb's financial journey shows how much the company has scaled since its inception. In 2014, the company was valued at $10 billion. By 2017, total funding had exceeded $3 billion, valuing the company at $31 billion. On December 10, 2020, Airbnb became a public company through an initial public offering on the Nasdaq. During this event, they raised $3.5 billion. Even during the COVID-19 pandemic, which caused bookings to drop by as much as 96% in some cities, the company adapted. They pledged $250 million in payouts to help hosts who lost money due to cancellations.

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