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Air India

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Air India is the flag carrier of India, which means it is the primary airline representing the nation.

AirIndiaB789
AirIndiaB789

The company is headquartered in Gurugram, Haryana. Its main hub is located at Indira Gandhi International Airport in Delhi. It also uses Kempegowda International Airport and Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj International Airport as secondary hubs. Currently, the airline is owned by Air India Limited. This company is owned by the Tata Group, which holds 74.9% of the shares. Singapore Airlines owns the remaining 25.1%. As of November 2025, the airline serves 87 domestic and international destinations. It is the second-largest airline in India based on the number of passengers carried.

The airline uses a variety of different aircraft to reach its many destinations.

A350&B777x
A350&B777x

For short trips within India or short international routes, it uses narrow body aircraft. A common example is the Airbus A320 family. For long-haul international routes, the airline uses wide body aircraft. These larger planes include the Airbus A350, the Boeing 777, and the Boeing 787.

Air India Boeing 787-8 on final into LHR
Air India Boeing 787-8 on final into LHR

Air India also operates a subsidiary called Air India Express. This smaller company handles flights to domestic and Asian destinations. This mix of aircraft and companies allows the airline to serve many different types of travelers.

The history of Air India began in 1932. It was founded as Tata Airlines by J. R. D. Tata, an Indian aviator and business tycoon.

TataAirlinesLogo
TataAirlinesLogo

In April 1932, Tata won a contract to carry mail for Imperial Airways. The aviation department of Tata Sons was formed with two single-engine de Havilland Puss Moths. On October 15, 1932, Tata flew a Puss Moth carrying air mail from Karachi to Bombay. The aircraft then continued to Madras, piloted by Nevill Vintcent. In its first year, the airline carried 155 passengers and a specific amount of mail. It even made a profit during that first year of operation.

After World War II, the airline underwent many structural changes. In 1946, Tata Airlines became a public limited company named Air India. Following Indian independence in 1947, the Government of India acquired 49% of the airline in 1948. The first international flight took off on June 8, 1948. This was a Lockheed Constellation L-749A named Malabar Princess, flying from Bombay to London. In 1953, the Government of India passed the Air Corporations Act. This allowed the government to purchase a majority stake from Tata Sons. The company was then renamed Air India International Limited.

Air India has been a leader in aviation technology in Asia.

Boeing 707-437, Air-India AN2227437
Boeing 707-437, Air-India AN2227437

On February 21, 1960, the airline took delivery of its first Boeing 707. This plane was named Gauri Shankar. By doing this, Air India became the first Asian airline to use jet aircraft. By June 11, 1962, it became the world's first all-jet airline. The airline later introduced the Boeing 747-200B in 1971. This plane was named Emperor Ashoka. It featured the "Palace in the Sky" branding. The airline also operated 11 Boeing 747-200 aircraft in total.

The airline faced significant financial challenges during the early 2000s. In 2007, Air India merged with Indian Airlines. This merger, along with the purchase of 111 new planes, led to heavy losses. By March 2011, the airline had accumulated massive debt and operating losses. To help pay this debt, the airline sold three Airbus A300s and one Boeing 747-300M in 2009. In 2013, the airline cleared some debt by selling and leasing back its Boeing 787 Dreamliners.

VT-ANJ Boeing B.788 Air India (13886637492)
VT-ANJ Boeing B.788 Air India (13886637492)

Despite these struggles, the airline joined the Star Alliance on July 11, 2014. This made it the 27th member of the global alliance.

A major turning point occurred when the airline returned to its roots. The Indian government began a process to privatize the airline in 2017. After several attempts and different bids, the ownership finally returned to the Tata Group in 2022. This happened 69 years after the airline was first nationalized. The airline's identity has also changed recently. Its old logo featured a flying swan with the Konark wheel. In 2023, this was replaced by a new logo. The new design is inspired by the Jharokha window pattern.

Air India new aircraft Airbus A320 safety instruction booklet
Air India new aircraft Airbus A320 safety instruction booklet
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🖼️ Images & Media (11)
File:TataAirlinesLogo.jpg
TataAirlinesLogo.jpg
File:Boeing 707-437, Air-India AN2227437.jpg
Boeing 707-437, Air-India AN2227437.jpg
File:Boeing 747-237B, Air-India AN0422476.jpg
Boeing 747-237B, Air-India AN0422476.jpg
File:Caribjet (Air India) Airbus A310-300 Durand.jpg
Caribjet (Air India) Airbus A310-300 Durand.jpg
File:VT-ANJ Boeing B.788 Air India (13886637492).jpg
VT-ANJ Boeing B.788 Air India (13886637492).jpg
File:Air India Boeing 787-8 on final into LHR.jpg
Air India Boeing 787-8 on final into LHR.jpg
File:VT-EJH Airbus A310 Air India Cargo (7179429859).jpg
VT-EJH Airbus A310 Air India Cargo...
File:A350&B777x.jpg
A350&B777x.jpg
File:AirIndiaB789.png
AirIndiaB789.png
File:Air India new aircraft Airbus A320 safety instruction booklet.jpg
Air India new aircraft Airbus A320 safety...
File:Air India Memorial.jpg
Air India Memorial.jpg
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