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Physical Science articles — Page 34

Explore matter, energy, chemistry and the physical laws that help explain everyday life. Choose an article below; its reading controls let you move between the available levels.

2,727 public articles · Page 34 of 57

Introduction to general relativity

Big things pull on space. This pull is called gravity. It can even bend light. It can change how time moves. Gravity helps us understand the stars. Do you want to look up?

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Introduction to quantum mechanics

{ "text": \"Small things act in strange ways. They do not move like big toys. Tiny bits can act like waves. This helps us learn about atoms. It is a big mystery! Can you imagine tiny things acting like waves?\",…

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Invariant (physics)

Some things stay the same. They do not change. This can happen in space. It can happen in time. It helps us know how the world works. It is very cool. Do you like things that stay the same?

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Inverse second

Some things happen fast. We can count how many times they happen. It tells us how quick things are. This helps us know how fast things go. It is a fun way to look at time. Can you count fast things?

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Inverse-square law

Light gets dim as you move away. It spreads out in a big circle. If you go far, it is hard to see. This helps us learn about stars. It helps us learn about light. Can you see the light?

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Invisibility

Being invisible means you cannot be seen. Some things are clear like glass. Light goes right through them. This helps them hide. We can use light to hide things. It is like magic! Can you hide too?

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Iodide

Some salt has a special part. It helps our bodies stay well. It helps our brains work. This part is in many salts. We need it to be healthy. Do you like salt on your food?

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Ion chromatography

Some tiny things have a charge. They can pull on each other. This helps us clean water. It can also help us find things in science. We use tools to sort them. Do you want to learn more?

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Ionization energy

Tiny bits live inside everything. These bits are held tight. It takes energy to pull them away. This helps us learn about the world. Can you find tiny bits too?

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Irène Joliot-Curie

Irène was a smart scientist. She studied how things work. She won a big prize for her work. Her work helped doctors help people. She was very brave. Do you like to learn new things?

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Iridescence

Some things change color. They look like a rainbow. You can see this on soap bubbles. It also happens on bird feathers. It is very pretty to see. Do you see colors change?

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Iron(III) chloride

This is a special kind of iron. It can clean our water. It also helps make metal patterns. We use it to make things clean. It is very helpful. Do you like clean water?

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Iron(III) citrate

Some things in soil are red or orange. They help plants get iron. This helps plants grow well. Doctors use it for people too. It helps keep your blood healthy. Can you find red rocks in the dirt?

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Iron(II,III) oxide

Some rocks act like magnets. This black rock is called magnetite. It can pull on metal. We use it to make black paint. It is very cool! Do you have a magnet at home?

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Iron(III) oxide

This is a red powder. It comes from rocks in the ground. People use it to make steel. It can also make colors for glass. It helps make things shiny. Do you like the color red?

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Iron(III) sulfate

Some iron stuff is used in work. It helps dye cloth. It also helps clean up waste. It can even help make steel. This stuff is very useful. Do you like bright colors?

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Iron(II) oxide

This is a black powder. It is found deep in the Earth. It can be used for ink. It can even be used in makeup. It is not the same as rust. Do you like to draw with black ink?

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Iron(II) sulfide

Some things are black and solid. This can form in a hard egg. It makes the yolk look green. It happens when you cook it too long. Have you seen a green egg? It is a fun thing to find.

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Iron oxide

Iron and air make something new. It can look like red rust. It can be used as paint. This paint has many colors. It can be red or black. We see it in the ground. Do you see red on old metal?

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Irradiance

Light hits things all around us. It lands on the ground and trees. Sunlight is very strong on a clear day. This light helps things grow. It is a bright and busy world. Can you feel the sun's warmth?

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Irreversible process

Some things cannot be undone. A hot cup of coffee gets cold. It will not get hot again on its own. This happens in our world every day. It is a one-way trip. Can you think of something else that stays changed?

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ISCC–NBS system

People use special names for colors. These names help everyone agree. Some names are for basic colors. Other names add more detail. This helps artists and scientists. It makes work easier for us. What is your…

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Isenthalpic process

Some things stay the same. Heat does not move in or out. No work is done. The energy stays just right. This helps us know how things move. It is like magic! Can you find things that stay the same?

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Isidor Rabi

Isidor Rabi was a great scientist. He studied tiny parts of things. He found new ways to see them. This helped doctors today. He won a very big prize. Do you like science too?

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Ising model

Tiny bits can act like magnets. They like to point the same way. This helps things stay together. It is a way to see how magnets work. Do you like magnets?

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Island of stability

Some tiny things are very strong. They stay together for a long time. Most big things fall apart fast. These special things might stay whole. They are like a safe island. Do you want to find them?

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Isomer

Small parts make things. They use the same bits. But the bits are in new spots. This changes how they work. It is like building with blocks. Can you build something new?

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Isomerization

Tiny bits can change shape. They stay the same bits. But they move to new spots. This helps make food. It is like a puzzle. Can you see how they change?

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Isoprene

Many living things make a special gas. Trees and plants make it too. It can even be in your breath! This gas helps plants stay safe in the heat. It is a very busy part of our world. Can you find a tree today?

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Isospin

Tiny bits make up everything. Some bits are almost the same. They act like twins. They have different charges. This helps us know how they work. It is like a secret code for small things. Can you find tiny things?

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Isothermal process

Some things stay the same heat. This heat does not change. It stays very steady. This helps machines work well. It even helps tiny cells. Do you like things that stay the same?

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Isotope separation

Some things in our world are hard to separate. We can pull them apart. We do this to make fuel for power. It helps us make energy. Can you imagine how we do it?

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Isotopes of carbon

Carbon is in everything. It is in plants and animals. Some kinds of carbon help us learn. We can use it to see how old things are. It is very cool! Can you find carbon in your food?

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Isotopes of hydrogen

Hydrogen is a tiny part of our world. It can be very light. Some kinds are a bit heavier. These help us make power. They are all very small. Can you find hydrogen in water?

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Isotopes of nitrogen

Most air is made of nitrogen. It is all around us. Some parts of it are rare. These parts can help doctors. They help see inside your body. It is very cool! Can you feel the air?

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Isotopes of oxygen

Oxygen is in the air. Most oxygen is very common. Some kinds are rare. Some can even change into other things. Scientists use them to learn about the past. They help us see inside the body. Can you find oxygen in the…

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Isotopes of uranium

Uranium is a special thing found in the ground. It can make energy. Some parts of it change over time. This helps us learn about our Earth. It is very interesting! Do you want to learn more?

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IUPAC nomenclature of inorganic chemistry

Scientists use special names for things. These names tell us what things are made of. It helps us not get mixed up. We can all use the same names. It is like a rule book. Do you like to follow rules?

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IUPAC nomenclature of organic chemistry

Scientists use special names for things. These names help us know what things are. One name tells us how a thing is made. This helps everyone talk the same way. It is like a secret code! Do you like codes?

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Ivar Giaever

Ivar Giaever was a smart man. He studied how things work. He won a very big prize. This prize was for his work. He helped us learn about science. Do you like to learn new things?

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Jack Steinberger

Jack was a smart man. He studied tiny things. He found a new part of our world. This helped us learn a lot. His work was very big. He won a great prize. Do you like to learn new things?

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James Cronin

James Cronin was a smart man. He studied tiny bits of the world. He found out how they work. This work helped us learn a lot. He even won a big prize. Do you like to learn new things?

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James Franck

James Franck was a smart man. He studied how tiny things work. He won a big prize for his work. He helped other people learn too. He was a very kind teacher. Do you like to learn new things?

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Jan Baptist van Helmont

A man named Van Helmont loved science. He studied how things grow. He watched a tree for five years. He wanted to see how it grew big. He even found a new word for air. Do you like to watch plants grow?

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Jaroslav Heyrovský

Jaroslav Heyrovský was a smart man. He loved to study how things work. He made a new way to test things. This helped him win a big prize. He is even a name on the Moon! Do you like to learn new things?

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Jean-Baptiste Biot

Jean-Baptiste Biot was a smart man. He studied the stars and light. He found rocks from space. These rocks fell from the sky. He also used a big balloon. He liked to learn new things. Can you look at the stars too?

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Jean Léonard Marie Poiseuille

A man named Poiseuille studied blood. He lived in France. He looked at how blood moves in tubes. This helps us learn about the body. He was a smart scientist. Can you think of how blood moves?

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Jean-Marie Lehn

Jean-Marie Lehn is a smart scientist. He studies tiny things. He made tiny cages. These cages hold small pieces. This helps make new medicine. He even plays music! Do you like science?

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