Nepedia

Physical Science articles — Page 33

Explore matter, energy, chemistry and the physical laws that help explain everyday life. Choose an article below; its reading controls let you move between the available levels.

2,727 public articles · Page 33 of 57

Hydrogen halide

Some gases come from volcanoes. They can turn into acid in water. This acid is very strong. It can make white mist. We can make these gases in labs. Do you like to learn about gas?

Early Reader · Change the reading level on the article

Hydrogen spectral series

Tiny bits of stuff make light. They jump from place to place. This jump makes a glow. We can see some colors. It helps us see far away stars. Do you like bright colors?

Early Reader · Change the reading level on the article

Hydrolysis

Water can break things apart. It can break big things into small bits. This helps us eat our food. It even helps make soap! Water is like a little tool. It works to change things. Can you find water in your house?

Early Reader · Change the reading level on the article

Hydronium

Tiny bits of water change. They can join with acid. This makes a new thing. It helps us know if a drink is sour. It is very small. Can you find it in the stars?

Early Reader · Change the reading level on the article

Hydrophile

Some things love water. They like to pull it close. This can even make fruit wet. Sugar does this to fruit. It pulls the water out. It makes the fruit soft. Do you like sweet fruit?

Early Reader · Change the reading level on the article

Hydrophobe

Some things do not like water. They push it away. Oil and fats act this way. Water stays in little drops. It will not soak in. It can even roll off. Do you see water beads on grass?

Early Reader · Change the reading level on the article

Hydrostatic equilibrium

Space things have a balance. Pulling forces stay even. This keeps the air around Earth. It also makes planets round. Round shapes help things stay still. It is like a big hug. Do you like round shapes?

Early Reader · Change the reading level on the article

Hydrostatics

We can study how liquids stay still. It shows how water and air work. This helps us know why wood floats. It also helps us know why water is flat. It is very cool to learn. Can you find water nearby?

Early Reader · Change the reading level on the article

Hydroxide

Tiny parts live in water. One part is oxygen. One part is hydrogen. They stick together. These parts help make soap. They also help clean drains. Can you find water today?

Early Reader · Change the reading level on the article

Hyperfine structure

Tiny parts in an atom move. These parts make small shifts. They work like little magnets. This helps us learn about atoms. It is very cool! Do you like science?

Early Reader · Change the reading level on the article

Hypernucleus

Tiny bits make up everything. Some bits are special. They have a strange part. This makes a new kind of tiny group. It is very small. It stays close together. Do you like tiny things?

Early Reader · Change the reading level on the article

Hyperon

Tiny bits make up our world. Some bits are very strange. They can live in big stars. These bits are small and fast. They help us learn about space. Do you like stars?

Early Reader · Change the reading level on the article

Hypochlorite

Some things help clean our world. We use them to wash clothes. They also clean pool water. Even our bodies use them to fight germs. This helps us stay well. Can you find something clean today?

Early Reader · Change the reading level on the article

Hypochlorous acid

This is a special kind of water. It helps keep things clean. It can even help your body fight germs. It works to stop bad things from growing. It is a tiny hero! Do you like to stay clean?

Early Reader · Change the reading level on the article

Hysteresis

Some things remember the past. A rubber band is like this. It stretches when you pull it. It stays long for a bit when you let go. This helps things work well. Can you find something that stays long?

Early Reader · Change the reading level on the article

Ideal gas

Tiny bits make up the air. These bits move all around. They zoom in every way. They do not stick to each other. This helps us learn how air works. Can you feel the air move?

Early Reader · Change the reading level on the article

Igor Tamm

Igor Tamm was a smart man. He studied how things work. He found out new things about light. He won a big prize for his work. This helps us learn about our world. Do you like to learn new things?

Early Reader · Change the reading level on the article

Illuminance

Light hits things in many ways. It can be very bright. It can also be very dim. This helps us see the world. We can see stars at night. Can you see the light near you?

Early Reader · Change the reading level on the article

Ilya Frank

Ilya Frank was a smart man. He studied how light works. He found out how light moves in water. This work helped us learn a lot. He even won a big prize. Do you like to learn new things?

Early Reader · Change the reading level on the article

Ilya Prigogine

Ilya was a smart man. He studied how things work. He found out how new things grow. This work helped us learn a lot. He even won a big prize. Do you like to learn new things?

Early Reader · Change the reading level on the article

Imidazole

Some tiny things help our bodies work. These bits are in our food. They are also in tea and coffee. Some help us stay well when we are sick. They are very small but very helpful. Can you find them in your tea?

Early Reader · Change the reading level on the article

Impact (mechanics)

An impact is a big hit. It happens when two things crash. This can break things. Soft pads help stop the hit. They make the hit last longer. This keeps things safe. Have you ever felt a big bump?

Early Reader · Change the reading level on the article

Impedance of free space

Light moves through empty space. It has two parts. One part is electric. The other part is magnetic. These parts work together. They help light travel fast. Can you see light move?

Early Reader · Change the reading level on the article

Impossible color

Some colors are not real. You can see them in a special way. Your eyes can get tired of one color. Then you see a new color. It is very strange! Can you see them?

Early Reader · Change the reading level on the article

Incompressible flow

Some liquids do not change shape. They stay the same when they move. The stuff inside stays thick. It does not get thin or squeezed. This helps us study how water flows. It is very neat! Can you think of a liquid?

Early Reader · Change the reading level on the article

Indigo

Indigo is a color near blue. It comes from a plant. People use it to dye cloth. It is in the rainbow too. It can look like dark blue or purple. Do you see indigo colors?

Early Reader · Change the reading level on the article

Indigo dye

Indigo is a pretty blue color. It comes from green leaves. People use it to make blue jeans. It makes our clothes look bright. Do you like wearing blue?

Early Reader · Change the reading level on the article

Indistinguishable particles

Some tiny things are exactly the same. They look just like each other. You cannot tell them apart. This is true for very small bits. They help make everything you see. Can you find something that is the same?

Early Reader · Change the reading level on the article

Inelastic collision

Sometimes things bump into each other. A ball might bounce. It does not bounce as high each time. This happens because it loses some power. It can even turn into heat. Do you like to bounce balls?

Early Reader · Change the reading level on the article

Inelastic scattering

Tiny bits hit each other. They bump and change. Some bits lose energy when they hit. This helps us learn about the world. It is like a game of tag. Can you imagine tiny bits bumping?

Early Reader · Change the reading level on the article

Inertial confinement fusion

Scientists use lasers to make power. They hit a tiny pellet with light. This makes the pellet very hot. It gets squeezed tight. This can make a lot of energy. It is like a tiny sun! Can you imagine a tiny sun in a lab?

Early Reader · Change the reading level on the article

Inertial frame of reference

Things move in a straight line. They do not turn or speed up. This helps us see how things work. It makes science easy to study. It is like being in a smooth car. Do you like to move fast?

Early Reader · Change the reading level on the article

Infrared spectroscopy

Special light helps us see things. This light can find what things are made of. It can even check our food. It helps us know if things are safe. It is like a super tool. Can you imagine using special light?

Early Reader · Change the reading level on the article

Instability

Some things do not stay still. A ball can roll off a hill. This can happen to air and water too. It can even happen to stars! It makes things change fast. Can you think of something that might roll away?

Early Reader · Change the reading level on the article

Instrumental chemistry

Scientists use tools to see things. These tools help us study small parts. Some tools use light to see. Other tools use heat or power. This helps us learn about our world. It is very cool to see! Can you find a tool…

Early Reader · Change the reading level on the article

Insulator (electricity)

Some things stop electricity. These are called insulators. They keep electricity in the wires. This helps keep you safe. We use them every day. Can you find a wire with a coating?

Early Reader · Change the reading level on the article

Intensity (physics)

Energy can move in many ways. It can move like light or sound. It can even move like water drops. It moves through a space. This move can be strong or weak. It helps us see and hear. Do you feel the sun's heat?

Early Reader · Change the reading level on the article

Intensive and extensive properties

Things have different traits. Some traits change if you have more. Like how a big box is heavy. Other traits stay the same. The heat stays the same. Does the color change if you add more? No! It stays the same.

Early Reader · Change the reading level on the article

Intermetallic

Some metals join to make new things. These can be very hard. They do not bend easily. Some can stay strong when they get hot. We use them in tools and batteries. Can you find something made of metal?

Early Reader · Change the reading level on the article

Internal pressure

Things inside can push. This push happens in a gas. It changes when the gas moves. It helps us learn about air. It is very cool to see. Can you feel the air push? It is all around us.

Early Reader · Change the reading level on the article

International Atomic Time

Many special clocks keep time. They are in many labs. These clocks work very well. They help us know the time. We use them every day. Can you find a clock?

Early Reader · Change the reading level on the article

International Prototype of the Kilogram

A heavy metal tool was used. It helped us know how much things weigh. It was kept in a safe place. This helped all people use the same scale. It was very special. Do you know how much you weigh?

Early Reader · Change the reading level on the article

International System of Quantities

Scientists use a special way to measure things. It helps them talk about size and time. This way makes sure everyone agrees. It helps us learn about our world. It is very helpful for us. Do you like to measure things?

Early Reader · Change the reading level on the article

International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry

Scientists use special names for things. These names help us talk. One group makes the rules. They help people all over the world. This makes science easy to learn. Do you like science?

Early Reader · Change the reading level on the article

International yard and pound

We use tools to measure things. A yard tells us how long. A pound tells us how heavy. Many lands agreed on these rules. This helps us all work together. It makes things easy for you. Do you like to measure things?

Early Reader · Change the reading level on the article

Interstitial defect

Tiny bits make up everything. They fit in small spaces. Sometimes a new bit fits in a gap. This can change how things work. It can make metal strong. Do you like to build things?

Early Reader · Change the reading level on the article

Introduction to entropy

Things like to spread out. You can mix cream into coffee. You cannot unmix it later. Ice melts in warm water. It stays melted. Things change in one way. Can you see things spread out?

Early Reader · Change the reading level on the article

Introduction to gauge theory

Some things are hard to see. We can measure how they work. We use tools to find out. This helps us learn about our world. It is like a secret code. Do you want to learn more?

Early Reader · Change the reading level on the article

Explore another subject · Open Discover and Search