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Zhejiang

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Zhejiang is a coastal province located in East China. It serves as a vital economic engine for the country. Because of this role, it is often called "the backbone of China."

亚新地学社1936年《袖珍中华全图》--07浙江省
亚新地学社1936年《袖珍中华全图》--07浙江省

The province is bordered by Jiangsu and Shanghai to the north. Anhui lies to the northwest, while Jiangxi is to the west. Fujian sits to the south. To the east, the province meets the East China Sea.

Zhejiang ROC
Zhejiang ROC

The physical landscape of Zhejiang is defined by its varied terrain. Approximately 70% of the province consists of hills. These elevations increase as one moves toward the south and the west. The Qiantang River flows through the region. This river is the source of the province's name. Zhejiang also possesses the longest coastline of any mainland province in China.

The province's name has an interesting linguistic origin. It comes from the Zhe River, which is the former name of the Qiantang River. The name may mean "Crooked River." However, scholars suggest it might be a phono-semantic compound. This means it uses a water radical combined with a phonetic element. This structure likely preserves an ancient proto-Wu name used by the local Yue people.

shaoxing-ww-s
shaoxing-ww-s

Zhejiang's history stretches back to Neolithic cultures. The Hemudu and Liangzhu cultures lived here thousands of years ago. During the Spring and Autumn period, the Kingdom of Yue emerged in northern Zhejiang. The Yue people spoke a language that was different from northern dialects. Eventually, the Qin dynasty annexed the region in 222 BC. Later, during the Ming and Qing dynasties, Zhejiang's ports became major centers for international trade.

During the Three Kingdoms period, Zhejiang was part of the Kingdom of Wu. This state was the most economically developed of the three competing powers. Historical accounts suggest Wu had a superior naval force. Later, the Sui dynasty used the region's wealth to expand its influence. They restored the Grand Canal to transport grain and resources. This canal connected Zhejiang to the North China Plain.

In the 10th century, King Qian Liu established the Wuyue kingdom. He made Hangzhou the capital of his realm. This era brought significant financial and cultural prosperity to the area. Even after Wuyue was absorbed into larger empires, its influence remained. Many shrines were built to memorialize the Wuyue kings. One famous example is located near West Lake in Hangzhou.

West Lake - Hangzhou, China
West Lake - Hangzhou, China

Today, Zhejiang is a global leader in several sectors. It is a top province for research and education. Three of its cities rank among the world's top 130 for scientific research output. These cities are Hangzhou, Ningbo, and Wenzhou.

04 Zhejiang tea 05.1987
04 Zhejiang tea 05.1987

The population is 64.6 million people. As of 2024, the nominal GDP reached US$1.27 trillion. This places it fourth in China for GDP and fifth for GDP per capita.

Cangnan - Pacao - P1210261
Cangnan - Pacao - P1210261
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🖼️ Images & Media (15)
File:Qian Liu (King Wusu of Wuyue).jpg
Qian Liu (King Wusu of Wuyue).jpg
File:Ying%27en_Gate_in_Shaoxing_04_2012-07.JPG
Ying%27en_Gate_in_Shaoxing_04_2012-07.JPG
File:Ceramic planter from the Ming Dynasty.jpg
Ceramic planter from the Ming Dynasty.jpg
File:Dayu Bay - Shitang Cun - P1210531.JPG
Dayu Bay - Shitang Cun - P1210531.JPG
File:Zhejiang ROC.jpg
Zhejiang ROC.jpg
File:Aerial panorama of Wuzhen 乌镇 Water Town. December 2023.jpg
Aerial panorama of Wuzhen 乌镇 Water Town....
File:亚新地学社1936年《袖珍中华全图》--07浙江省.jpg
亚新地学社1936年《袖珍中华全图》--07浙江省.jpg
File:West Lake - Hangzhou, China.jpg
West Lake - Hangzhou, China.jpg
File:West Lake at night in Hangzhou.jpg
West Lake at night in Hangzhou.jpg
File:04 Zhejiang tea 05.1987.jpg
04 Zhejiang tea 05.1987.jpg
File:Dayu Bay - YuAo Cun - P1210476.JPG
Dayu Bay - YuAo Cun - P1210476.JPG
File:She ethnic county, townships and towns in Zhejiang.png
She ethnic county, townships and towns in...

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