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Yma Sumac

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Yma Sumac was a groundbreaking Peruvian vocalist, actress, and composer. Her stage name, Yma Sumac, translates to "how beautiful" in the Quechua language.

Yma Sumac, Moises Vivanco and Cholita Rivero
Yma Sumac, Moises Vivanco and Cholita Rivero

She earned the title "Queen of Exotica" and acted as a pioneer for world music. Sumac was famous for an extraordinary vocal range that challenged the limits of human singing. In 1956, she won a Guinness World Record for the Greatest Range of Musical Value. Her career spanned many decades and reached audiences across the entire globe.

Sumac developed a unique singing technique known as "double voice" or "triple coloratura." This method allowed her to move through vast musical distances with incredible skill. Her ability to hit such diverse notes was shaped by her childhood in the Andean mountains. While growing up, she spent time imitating the sounds of birds and other animals. This natural imitation helped her build a massive vocal range. By the time she performed in productions like "Chuncho (The Forest Creatures)" in 1953, her technical mastery was well established.

Her vocal range was significantly larger than that of most professional musicians. While a typical trained singer possesses a range of about three octaves, Sumac was much more expansive. Some reports state her voice could reach five octaves. Other recordings document a peak range of four-and-a-half octaves. Music critic Virgil Thomson described her voice as both "very low and warm" and "very high and birdlike."

Yma Sumac Vocal Range
Yma Sumac Vocal Range

This massive scale allowed her to perform complex arrangements of South American folk songs.

Born Zoila Emperatriz Chávarri Castillo on September 13, 1922, in Callao, Peru, she was the youngest of six children. She spent her early years in Cajamarca, where her father was a civic leader and her mother was a schoolteacher. After moving to Lima in 1934, she began private musical tutoring at age five. Her professional path included early recordings of Peruvian folk songs in Buenos Aires in 1943. She was eventually discovered by Les Baxter and signed to Capitol Records in 1950. This partnership launched her into international stardom.

During the 1950s, Sumac achieved massive commercial success. Her debut album, "Voice of the Xtabay," peaked at number one on the Billboard 200 and sold one million copies in the United States. She also released successful albums such as "Legend of the Sun Virgin," "Fuego del Ande," and "Mambo!"

Mai Zetterling, Danny Kaye and Yma Sumac
Mai Zetterling, Danny Kaye and Yma Sumac

Her fame led to historic milestones, including becoming the first Peruvian female singer to debut on Broadway in 1951. In 1960, she became the first Latin American woman to receive a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.

Sumac was a prolific performer who traveled extensively. She toured the Soviet Union, where she sold more than 20 million tickets. Her global reach was immense, with the publication Variety noting in 1974 that she had performed over 3,000 concerts worldwide. Throughout her career, she sold more than 40 million records, making her the best-selling Peruvian singer in history. Her influence even extended to fashion, with the magazine V listing her as one of the nine international fashion icons of all time in 2010.

Even after her peak popularity, Sumac's music remained culturally significant. Her songs have been sampled and used in modern media, from the film "The Big Lebowski" to commercials for Kahlúa. Her work has appeared in shows like Cirque Du Soleil and has been sampled by groups like the Black Eyed Peas. Sumac passed away on November 1, 2008, at the age of 86. She remains a central figure in the history of music, connecting traditional South American sounds with global pop culture.

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🖼️ Images & Media (3)
File:Mai Zetterling, Danny Kaye and Yma Sumac.jpg
Mai Zetterling, Danny Kaye and Yma Sumac.jpg
File:Yma Sumac Vocal Range.svg
Yma Sumac Vocal Range.svg
File:Yma Sumac, Moises Vivanco and Cholita Rivero.jpg
Yma Sumac, Moises Vivanco and Cholita Rivero.jpg
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