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West Midlands (county)

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The West Midlands is a metropolitan and ceremonial county located in England.

West Midlands outline map with UK
West Midlands outline map with UK

It is a landlocked area within the larger West Midlands region. The county is bordered by Staffordshire to the north and west. Worcestershire sits to the south of the county. To the east, the county projects into Warwickshire. This projection is surrounded by Warwickshire on all sides except for the west. The county is almost entirely urbanized. This means most of the land is covered by towns and cities. It is one of the most crowded areas in the country. After Greater London, it is the most populous county in England.

Most of the population lives within a large conurbation. A conurbation is a cluster of cities and towns that have grown together.

Population Density West Midlands 2011 Census
Population Density West Midlands 2011 Census

Birmingham is the largest city and sits in the center. To the east of Birmingham lie Solihull and the city of Coventry. To the west are West Bromwich and the city of Wolverhampton. Sutton Coldfield is located in the northern part of the county. A rural area called the Meriden Gap separates the main urban area from Coventry. This gap consists of green belt land around the town of Balsall Common. Other green spaces include Barr Beacon and the Sandwell Valley.

For local government, the county is divided into seven metropolitan boroughs.

West Midlands numbered districts
West Midlands numbered districts

These boroughs are Birmingham, Coventry, Dudley, Sandwell, Solihull, Walsall, and Wolverhampton. These councils collaborate through the West Midlands Combined Authority. This authority was established in June 2016 to manage regional needs. It handles matters like transport, planning, and economic development. Since May 2017, the authority has been led by a directly elected Mayor. Richard Parker is the current Mayor of the West Midlands. Other regional services include the West Midlands Police and the West Midlands Fire Service.

The history of these settlements is very old and significant.

WMids-Birmingham
WMids-Birmingham

During the Middle Ages, Coventry was a major center for commerce. Its wealth came from the manufacture of wool and cloth. Birmingham and Wolverhampton began developing metal-working industries in the 16th century. Birmingham specialized in the manufacture of small arms. Wolverhampton became a center for brass working and lock manufacture. The Black Country area provided coal and iron ore for these industries. These raw materials helped the region grow rapidly during the Industrial Revolution. By the 20th century, the area had merged into one large conurbation.

Administrative changes have shaped how the county functions today. The modern metropolitan county was created by the Local Government Act 1972. This act took effect in 1974. Before this, the area was part of Shropshire, Staffordshire, Warwickshire, and Worcestershire. The 1974 reform created the West Midlands County Council. This council managed strategic issues for the whole area. However, the Local Government Act 1985 abolished metropolitan county councils. The West Midlands County Council ceased to exist on 31 March 1986. Most powers were then moved to the individual metropolitan boroughs.

Despite the heavy urbanization, the county contains important natural sites.

WMids-Coventry
WMids-Coventry

There are 23 Sites of Special Scientific Interest, or SSSIs, in the county. These are protected areas recognized for their natural value. Sutton Park in Sutton Coldfield is one such site. It is one of the largest urban parks in Europe. It also holds status as a national nature reserve. The area between Solihull and Coventry is part of the Forest of Arden. The River Tame and its tributaries flow through the western part of the county. The rivers Sowe and Sherbourne flow through the city of Coventry.

The geography of the county includes several notable landmarks. The highest point in the county is Turners Hill. It has an elevation of 237 meters. Another significant high point is Barr Beacon. This hill sits on the border of Birmingham and Walsall at 167 meters. The county is part of a complex system of rivers and urban landscapes. While it is mostly built up, these hills and parks provide essential green spaces. The interplay between the industrial history and the natural geography defines the West Midlands today.

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🖼️ Images & Media (19)
File:West Midlands numbered districts.svg
West Midlands numbered districts.svg
File:West Midlands County.png
West Midlands County.png
File:Arms_of_West_Midlands_Metropolitan_County_Council.svg
Arms_of_West_Midlands_Metropolitan_County_...
File:West Midlands outline map with UK.png
West Midlands outline map with UK.png
File:West Midlands population density map, 2011 census.png
West Midlands population density map,...
File:WMids-Birmingham.png
WMids-Birmingham.png
File:WMids-Coventry.png
WMids-Coventry.png
File:WMids-Dudley.png
WMids-Dudley.png
File:WMids-Sandwell.png
WMids-Sandwell.png
File:WMids-Solihull.png
WMids-Solihull.png
File:WMids-Walsall.png
WMids-Walsall.png
File:WMids-Wolverhampton.png
WMids-Wolverhampton.png

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