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Wardrobe

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A wardrobe is a standing closet designed for storing clothes. People also use the names armoire or almirah to describe these pieces. The term itself has a deep history in the English language. It appeared in the early 14th century from Old French words. The word "warder" meant to guard or keep. The word "robe" referred to a garment. Therefore, the name literally means a place to guard clothing. While they are now common, wardrobes were once symbols of great luxury. In the past, they were found in regal palaces and noble castles.

Frankf. Nasenschrank
Frankf. Nasenschrank

Modern wardrobes use a system called triple partitioning to organize items. This design splits the interior into three distinct sections. Two linear compartments sit on either side and contain shelves. The middle section is different from the sides. It often features hanging pegs and drawers. Drawers are a relatively modern addition to the wardrobe design. There is also a clothes' press located in the high central space. This area is usually level with a person's chest. This organized structure allows for efficient storage of different types of apparel.

The evolution of the wardrobe has seen many structural changes. The earliest versions were simple chests used for storage. Later, the word "wardrobe" described an entire room. This room was filled with many closets and lockers. Over time, these cupboards evolved into the modern freestanding units we see today. The function has remained largely the same for centuries. It is a dedicated place to retain garments. In the era of King Edward I, the term even applied to independent stores for precious items like gold.

In the United States, moveable wardrobes have a specific history. In the early 17th century, Americans produced oak "hanging cupboards." These were often exported to England. This happened because English woodlands were over-harvested or reserved for the Navy. Because of the wood used, these items were sometimes called "oakleys." These early pieces were massive and cumbrous. They often featured beautifully carved fronts. For about one hundred years, they were produced in moderate numbers before styles changed.

As wood became available, the materials used for wardrobes shifted. As oak became less common for cabinet-making, American walnut became the new favorite. Later, in the nineteenth century, mahogany became a common material. As fine-grained foreign woods became easier to obtain, makers created magnificent inlaid wardrobes. Designers like Chippendale used elaborate carving to decorate them. Other designers, such as Sheraton and Hepplewhite, used highly polished, contrasting woods. Some wardrobes were so large they were measured by a unique method. A good double wardrobe was said to have the capacity to hold eight small men.

Different regions developed unique styles of large cupboards. In Germany, the Frankfurt cabinet became a famous masterpiece of carpentry. These are two-door baroque cupboards with a clear architectural structure. They were typically made from spruce with a walnut veneer or solid oak. A unique feature of these cabinets is that they can be dismantled. Two people can take them apart and reassemble them without any tools. While originally meant for linen and clothes, some historical examples are now used as filing cabinets in banks or city halls.

Another important style is the Kas, which originated in the Netherlands. The Kas is a massive cupboard similar to an armoire. It was very popular in the Netherlands and America during the 17th and 18th centuries. These were fitted with shelves and drawers to store clothing and valuables. Because they were locked with a key, they were very secure. The Kas served as a status symbol and a family heirloom. To show wealth, they were often made of expensive woods like cherry, rosewood, or ebony. These pieces were frequently decorated with carvings or paint.

Frankf. Nasenschrank
Frankf. Nasenschrank
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