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Waikato

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The Waikato is a major region located on the upper North Island of New Zealand.

NZTerritorialAuthorities-Waikato
NZTerritorialAuthorities-Waikato

It is the fourth largest region in the country by both land area and population. The region is governed by the Waikato Regional Council. It encompasses eleven different territorial authorities. These include the Waikato District, Hamilton City, and the Taupō District. The region spans from the Coromandel Peninsula in the north to the slopes of Mount Ruapehu in the south. It stretches across the island from the Tasman Sea to the east coast.

2023 NZ Census Population Density - Waikato Region
2023 NZ Census Population Density - Waikato Region

The geography of the region is defined by its diverse landforms and water systems. To the west, the Tasman Sea meets a coast of rough hill country. This area features the Hakarimata Range and three large natural harbours. These harbours are named Raglan, Aotea, and Kāwhia. The Raglan area is famous for its volcanic black sand beaches.

Waikato river 750px
Waikato river 750px

Moving east, the land opens into the broad Waikato Plains. This area is an alluvial plain formed by river deposits. Further east, the terrain rises into the forested Kaimai and Mamaku Ranges. The region is largely defined by the Waikato River catchment. Other major river catchments include the Waihou, Piako, Awakino, and Mōkau rivers.

The name Waikato comes from the Waikato River. In the Māori language, the name has a specific meaning. The word "wai" means water. The word "kato" refers to the pull of a river current in the sea. Together, the name translates to "flowing water."

Flanked by Te Iringa
Flanked by Te Iringa

The river system is vital for the region's energy and recreation. The upper reaches of the river are used for hydroelectricity. This process uses several large artificial lakes in the south-east. Lake Karapiro is the earliest of these artificial lakes. It is now a world-class centre for rowing. The river begins its journey by flowing out of Lake Taupō. This is the largest lake in New Zealand.

The climate in Waikato is described as wet and temperate. It receives a moderate annual rainfall of 1,150 millimetres. The higher western hills receive the most rain. Summers are generally dry with maximum temperatures between 22 and 28 degrees Celsius. Winter maximums typically range from 10 to 16 degrees Celsius. The region is known for having very high sunshine hours. It averages 2,200 hours per year. This is about 40% higher than the average in the United Kingdom. This high level of sunlight causes rapid growth in plants and crops. The interior basin has low average wind speeds due to sheltering hills.

Agriculture is the foundation of the regional economy. Dairy farming has been a primary activity since the late nineteenth century. The mild climate allows cattle to stay on grassland pasture all year. Farmers have replaced original English grasses with high-producing varieties. These include Italian ryegrass and nitrogen-fixing white clover. In 2016, the region had a total herd of approximately 1.41 million cows. The average herd size was about 351 cows. Many dairy farms are family-owned businesses. Some farmers use automated rotary cowsheds to milk large herds quickly. In 2014, dairy farming and processing contributed $2.4 billion to the gross regional product.

The population of the Waikato has seen significant growth recently. The 2023 New Zealand census recorded 498,771 people in the region. This was an increase of 40,569 people since the 2018 census. The population is diverse, with 71.7% identifying as European and 25.2% as Māori. Other groups include Pasifika, Asian, and MELAA residents. Hamilton is the most populous city in the region.

HamiltonCBDfromRototuna
HamiltonCBDfromRototuna

It is a major urban centre and home to the University of Waikato. Other significant towns include Tokoroa, Te Awamutu, Cambridge, and Taupō. The median age in the region is 37.9 years.

Economic activity in the Waikato extends beyond just farming. The manufacturing sector contributed $2,688 million to the GDP in 2018. This sector employed 18,519 people according to the 2013 census. Service industries are also a major driver, contributing $13.35 billion to the GDP. The total subnational GDP was estimated at NZ$25.84 billion in 2019. This represents 8.5% of New Zealand's national GDP. The region's proximity to Auckland helps facilitate business services. This connection has helped the region achieve faster economic growth at certain times. The Waikato remains a central part of New Zealand's economic and natural landscape.

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🖼️ Images & Media (5)
File:NZTerritorialAuthorities-Waikato.png
NZTerritorialAuthorities-Waikato.png
File:Waikato river 750px.jpg
Waikato river 750px.jpg
File:2023 NZ Census Population Density - Waikato Region.png
2023 NZ Census Population Density -...
File:HamiltonCBDfromRototuna.JPG
HamiltonCBDfromRototuna.JPG
File:Flanked by Te Iringa.jpg
Flanked by Te Iringa.jpg
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