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Tirana

geography Maturity 11-13 Next article →

Tirana is the capital and largest city in Albania.

View of Tirana from the Lapidar
View of Tirana from the Lapidar

It sits right in the center of the country. The city is tucked between many mountains and hills. To the east, the Dajti mountain rises high above the land.

Mali Dajtit
Mali Dajtit

You can even see the Adriatic Sea in the far distance to the northwest. Tirana is a very bright place to visit. It is one of the sunniest cities in all of Europe. It receives 2,544 hours of sunshine every single year.

Tirana panorama 2016
Tirana panorama 2016

History shows that people have lived here for a very long time. The area has been home to humans since prehistoric times.

Tirana, Albania 2017-04 Tirana Mosaic 02
Tirana, Albania 2017-04 Tirana Mosaic 02

Early people called the Illyrians lived in this region. Later, the Roman Empire took control of the land. You can still find a Roman house from the 3rd century with mosaic floors.

Tirana, Albania 2017-04 Tirana Mosaic 02
Tirana, Albania 2017-04 Tirana Mosaic 02

A castle was also built here by the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I.

Castillo de Petrela, Petrela, Albania, 2014-04-17, DD 02
Castillo de Petrela, Petrela, Albania, 2014-04-17, DD 02

This shows how many different groups have shaped the city.

The town we know today began to grow in the 1600s. An Ottoman Albanian general named Sylejman Pasha Bargjini founded it in 1614.

Bazar Tirana (ca. 1900)2
Bazar Tirana (ca. 1900)2

He built the Old Mosque and a Turkish bath to help the town grow. Before this, the area was just a small village. In the year 1510, a scholar even called it "Little Tirana."

Bazar Tirana (ca. 1900)2
Bazar Tirana (ca. 1900)2

Over time, it became a busy place with many watermills and markets. It grew from a small settlement into a major center.

Tirana became very important during the 20th century. After Albania gained independence in 1912, the city changed many times. In 1920, the Congress of Lushnjë named it the temporary capital.

Tirana Square 1988
Tirana Square 1988

It became the permanent capital on December 31, 1925. The city saw many different leaders and styles of government. Some buildings were designed by famous Italian architects.

Old villa in Tirana city center 01
Old villa in Tirana city center 01

Later, the city saw many large apartment buildings built during the socialist period.

Albanien (05)
Albanien (05)

Today, Tirana is the most important part of Albania. It is the heart of the country's money, politics, and trade.

Banka e Shqipërisë 2017 03
Banka e Shqipërisë 2017 03

The President and the Prime Minister both have official homes here.

Tirana, consiglio dei ministri, 01
Tirana, consiglio dei ministri, 01

The city is also known for its bright, colorful buildings.

Streets of Tirana 2016
Streets of Tirana 2016

In 2022, Tirana was even named the European Youth Capital. It is a place where old history meets a very busy modern life.

Archaea Tower, Tirana, Albania
Archaea Tower, Tirana, Albania
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🖼️ Images & Media (30)
File:Stema e Bashkisë Tiranë.svg
Stema e Bashkisë Tiranë.svg
File:Autostrada A3 Albania.svg
Autostrada A3 Albania.svg
File:SH1-AL.svg
SH1-AL.svg
File:SH2-AL.svg
SH2-AL.svg
File:Tirana,_Albania_2017-04_Tirana_Mosaic_02.jpg
Tirana,_Albania_2017-04_Tirana_Mosaic_02.jpg
File:Castillo de Petrela, Petrela, Albania, 2014-04-17, DD 02.JPG
Castillo de Petrela, Petrela, Albania,...
File:Bazar Tirana (ca. 1900)2.jpg
Bazar Tirana (ca. 1900)2.jpg
File:Old_villa_in_Tirana_city_center_01.jpg
Old_villa_in_Tirana_city_center_01.jpg
File:Tirana Square 1988.jpg
Tirana Square 1988.jpg
File:Albanien (05).jpg
Albanien (05).jpg
File:Streets of Tirana 2016.jpg
Streets of Tirana 2016.jpg
File:View of Tirana from the Lapidar.jpg
View of Tirana from the Lapidar.jpg

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