Nepedia
Back to Discover
Advanced Reader
💻

Throwing knife

technology Maturity 11-13 Next article →

A throwing knife is a specialized tool designed for effective flight.

Throwing knives
Throwing knives

Unlike ordinary knives, these are specifically weighted for tossing. Many different cultures have developed unique shapes and tactics for using them. Today, people use throwing knives for sport or in sideshow acts. They are a distinct category of weapons because of their unique construction. Understanding how they work requires looking at their balance and mass.

Most throwing knives in the Western tradition consist of a single piece of material. They are usually made of steel and lack a separate handle. The tool is divided into two main sections. The first section is the blade, which is the sharpened half. The second section is the grip, which is the unsharpened half.

A selection of African throwing knives in room 25 of the British museum
A selection of African throwing knives in room 25 of the British museum

The grip allows for safe handling by the user. It also serves to balance the weight of the blade. Some advanced designs even include adjustable weights that can slide along the length of the blade.

The physics of a throw depends heavily on the knife's balance. Throwing knives are generally categorized as either balanced or unbalanced. A balanced knife is designed so the center of gravity is the same as the centroid. The centroid is the geometric center of the knife. The trajectory, or the path through the air, follows the center of gravity.

Throwing knives
Throwing knives

In a balanced knife, the point and the hilt describe circles of the same diameter as they rotate. This makes the flight path much more predictable for the thrower.

Unbalanced knives behave differently during flight. In these knives, the point and the hilt describe circles with different diameters. This means the point and the end of the hilt hit different locations along the trajectory. Because of this, predicting the path is more difficult. Users typically grip the lighter end of an unbalanced knife to throw it. Balanced knives offer more flexibility. A user can grip either the point or the hilt depending on their preference. They are often preferred because they are easier to use and swap.

Mass and speed are also critical to how a knife performs. The mass of the knife and the speed of the throw determine the impact power.

A selection of African throwing knives in room 25 of the British museum
A selection of African throwing knives in room 25 of the British museum

Lighter knives are easier to throw with less effort. However, they may lack the force to penetrate a target. This can cause a "bounce back" effect where the knife hits and retreats. Heavy knives provide more stability during flight and cause more damage. The trade-off is that the thrower needs more strength to maintain accuracy.

Historical records show that throwing weapons have been used for centuries. In central Africa, weapons like the mambele, kulbeda, or trombash were used. These often featured multiple iron blades for warfare and hunting. Some historians suggest these weapons originated in central Sudan around 1000 AD. Others point to Libyan wall sculptures from 1350 BC as possible evidence.

Throwing knives
Throwing knives

Many of these African knives are now held in European and American museums. However, the exact history is often poorly understood because early collectors did not always record where the blades came from.

We also find mentions of throwing daggers in historical combat treatises. Hans Talhoffer, who lived between approximately 1410 and 1482, wrote about spiked daggers for throwing. Later, Paulus Hector Mair, who lived from 1517 to 1579, also documented these weapons. Mair described techniques such as throwing a dagger at an opponent's chest. These documents provide a glimpse into how combat training once functioned. They connect the physical tool to the historical study of martial arts and weaponry.

583 words

Where will your curiosity go next?

Keep exploring at your chosen reading level.

🖼️ Images & Media (2)
File:Throwing knives.jpg
Throwing knives.jpg
File:A selection of African throwing knives in room 25 of the British museum.JPG
A selection of African throwing knives in...
More to explore

✨ What else?

Related topics you might enjoy

🔬 Go deeper

More advanced topics to explore

🪜 Step back

Simpler topics to build understanding

What is Nepedia?

A free, ad-free encyclopedia for children. Every article is written at five reading levels, so the same page works for a five-year-old and a fifteen-year-old — use the level switcher above to see this one change. No account needed to read.