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Taxi

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A taxi, also known as a taxicab or cab, is a vehicle for hire with a driver. It is designed to carry a single passenger or a small group to specific locations. This service is different from public transport like buses or trains. In public transport, the service provider decides the pick-up and drop-off points. With a taxi, the customers choose their own destinations.

TAXI
TAXI

This flexibility makes taxis a vital part of urban transportation systems worldwide.

There are several distinct forms of taxicabs used globally. Hackney carriages, often called street taxis, are licensed to be hailed by people on the street. Private hire vehicles, or minicabs, can only be used if they are pre-booked. Taxibuses, such as the jeepneys found in developing countries, operate on pre-set routes with multiple stops and independent passengers. There are also limousines, which are specialized vehicles licensed for pre-booked operation.

VZ2041(Hong Kong Urban Taxi) 18-08-2020 (cropped)
VZ2041(Hong Kong Urban Taxi) 18-08-2020 (cropped)

The name "taxicab" is a compound word. It combines "taximeter" and "cabriolet." A taximeter is a device that measures the cost of a journey. The word comes from the German "Taxameter," based on "Taxe," meaning a charge or scale of charges. A cabriolet was a type of horse-drawn carriage. The word comes from the French "cabrioler," meaning to leap or caper.

Kienzle Taxameter mit Drucker
Kienzle Taxameter mit Drucker

This combination describes a carriage that uses a meter to track payments.

Horse-drawn taxi services began in Paris and London during the early 17th century. The first documented public hackney coach service appeared in London in 1605. By 1636, the first taxi rank appeared on the Strand outside the Maypole Inn. In 1834, an architect named Joseph Hansom patented the hansom cab. This was a two-wheeled vehicle that was fast and light. It could be pulled by a single horse, making it cheaper than larger four-wheel coaches.

HansomCab
HansomCab

These cabs were agile enough to navigate the heavy traffic of 19th-century London.

The transition to motorized vehicles changed the industry forever. The Daimler Victoria, built by Gottlieb Daimler, was the first motorized taximeter-cab in 1897.

Daimler Victoria
Daimler Victoria

Gasoline-powered taxis began operating in Paris in 1899 and New York in 1907. In New York, Harry N. Allen imported the first 600 gas-powered cabs from France. Later, Fred E. Moskovics designed the first domestically produced taxis in Connecticut. His wife suggested painting the vehicles yellow to increase visibility. This helped create the famous yellow taxi tradition in New York.

2007 Ford Crown Victoria New York Taxi 1
2007 Ford Crown Victoria New York Taxi 1

Electric taxis also appeared at the end of the 19th century. In London, Walter Bersey introduced electric cabs in 1897 that were nicknamed "Hummingbirds" because of their noise.

1898-1899 Columbia Electric
1898-1899 Columbia Electric

Taxis have played significant roles during historical crises. During the First Battle of the Marne in 1914, Paris taxis were used for military transport. Joseph Gallieni gathered about 600 taxicabs at Les Invalides. These taxis carried approximately 6,000 soldiers and officers to the front at Nanteuil-le Haudouin. Each taxi carried five soldiers, with four in the back and one next to the driver.

Taxi de la Marne Renault Type AG 1913
Taxi de la Marne Renault Type AG 1913

This event was the first recorded large-scale use of motorized infantry in battle. The French treasury reimbursed the total fare of 70,012 francs. Taxis also served as emergency transport during the Birmingham pub bombings in 1974 to help move the injured to hospitals.

Modern taxi technology continues to evolve through various innovations. In the late 1940s, two-way radios allowed drivers to communicate with dispatch offices. This replaced older methods like using callboxes. In the 1980s, computer-assisted dispatching was introduced to improve efficiency. Today, many cities implement strict regulations regarding vehicle standards. London and Tokyo have created specialized vehicles to meet high emissions and accessibility standards.

London taxi with deployed wheelchair ramp
London taxi with deployed wheelchair ramp

These modern vehicles, such as the Toyota JPN Taxi, ensure that urban transport is both sustainable and inclusive for all passengers.

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🖼️ Images & Media (21)
File:TAXI.jpg
TAXI.jpg
File:Kienzle Taxameter mit Drucker.jpg
Kienzle Taxameter mit Drucker.jpg
File:Temple Underground station 1899.jpg
Temple Underground station 1899.jpg
File:HansomCab.gif
HansomCab.gif
File:Daimler Victoria.jpg
Daimler Victoria.jpg
File:1898-1899 Columbia Electric.gif
1898-1899 Columbia Electric.gif
File:Taxi de la Marne Renault Type AG 1913.JPG
Taxi de la Marne Renault Type AG 1913.JPG
File:VZ2041(Hong Kong Urban Taxi) 18-08-2020 (cropped).jpg
VZ2041(Hong Kong Urban Taxi) 18-08-2020...
File:2007 Ford Crown Victoria New York Taxi 1.jpg
2007 Ford Crown Victoria New York Taxi 1.jpg
File:TransCab LimoCab Mercedes-Benz E 220 CDI.jpg
TransCab LimoCab Mercedes-Benz E 220 CDI.jpg
File:2016 Toyota HiAce (KDH223R) Commuter Super LWB van, Black & White 13 MAXI (2018-11-22) 02.jpg
2016 Toyota HiAce (KDH223R) Commuter...
File:London_taxi_with_deployed_wheelchair_ramp.jpg
London_taxi_with_deployed_wheelchair_ramp.jpg

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