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Tahiti

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Tahiti is the largest island within the Windward group of the Society Islands.

Societyislands
Societyislands

It is located in the central Pacific Ocean.

Tahiti, French Polynesia - NASA Earth Observatory
Tahiti, French Polynesia - NASA Earth Observatory

The island belongs to French Polynesia, which is an overseas collectivity of France. Tahiti serves as the political, cultural, and economic center for the entire region. The capital city, Papeete, sits on the northwest coast.

Papeete - Marina Taina
Papeete - Marina Taina

This area also contains Faaā International Airport. It is the only international airport in the region.

The island's physical structure is quite unique. It consists of two roughly circular land masses. These parts are joined by a narrow strip of land called an isthmus.

TahitiAndMoorea2021OSM
TahitiAndMoorea2021OSM

The larger northwestern portion is called Tahiti Nui. The smaller southeastern portion is known as Tahiti Iti. Both areas are the eroded remnants of extinct shield volcanoes.

Districts de Tahiti
Districts de Tahiti

These volcanoes were active between 0.25 and 1.67 million years ago. They were created by the same hotspot that formed the other Society Islands.

Tahiti's landscape is mostly high and mountainous. The terrain features lush rainforests, many rivers, and numerous waterfalls.

Hotelhibiscus
Hotelhibiscus

Notable examples include the Papenoo river and the Fautaua Falls. The island is 1,600 kilometers from the North Island of New Zealand. It is also located south of Hawaii and Chile. The island covers an area of 4,193 square kilometers. The highest point is Mont Orohena, which reaches 2,241 meters.

Tahiti Map
Tahiti Map

Mount Roonui is another major peak in the southeast.

Human history on the island began with Polynesian settlers. They arrived from Western Polynesia sometime after 800 AD.

Tahitian woman in festive costume ca 1906
Tahitian woman in festive costume ca 1906

These travelers used large outrigger canoes. Some of these vessels were twenty to thirty meters long. They could carry entire families and domestic animals across the ocean. Before Europeans arrived, Tahiti was divided into territories. Each territory was ruled by a specific clan. Leaders included a chief, known as an arii rahi, and various nobles. These leaders held spiritual power called mana. They often used stone temples called marae for religious purposes.

European contact began in the late 18th century. Captain Samuel Wallis sighted the island in 1767.

Captain Wallis, on his arrival at O'Taheite, in conversation with Oberea the Queen
Captain Wallis, on his arrival at O'Taheite, in conversation with Oberea the Queen

He anchored in Matavai Bay. Later, Captain James Cook arrived in 1769 on a scientific mission.

Hodges, Resolution and Adventure in Matavai Bay
Hodges, Resolution and Adventure in Matavai Bay

Cook's team studied the local flora and fauna. They also recorded the proper name of the island. Early European documents often used the name Otaheite. This was a misunderstanding of the Tahitian phrase "'o Tahiti." This phrase actually means "it is Tahiti."

Political changes occurred throughout the 1800s. Tahiti was once part of the Kingdom of Tahiti. In 1880, France annexed the island. This made Tahiti a French colony. The inhabitants eventually became French citizens. Today, French is the only official language. However, many people still speak the Tahitian language, or Reo Tahiti. The population is quite large for the region. In 2017, there were 189,517 people living on the island. The 2022 Census recorded 191,779 residents. This accounts for 68.7% of the total population of French Polynesia.

The people of Tahiti come from diverse backgrounds. About 70% of the population has Polynesian heritage. The remaining residents have European or Chinese heritage.

Tahitian schoolchildren, by Coulon
Tahitian schoolchildren, by Coulon

The climate is tropical and stays warm year-round. The wet season runs from November to April. January is the rainiest month in Papeete. August is the driest month. The average temperature stays between 22 and 28 degrees Celsius. Many people work in the tourism and fishing industries. These industries rely on the island's beaches and coral reefs.

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🖼️ Images & Media (25)
File:Tahiti Map.PNG
Tahiti Map.PNG
File:Societyislands.jpg
Societyislands.jpg
File:TahitiAndMoorea2021OSM.png
TahitiAndMoorea2021OSM.png
File:Tahiti, French Polynesia - NASA Earth Observatory.jpg
Tahiti, French Polynesia - NASA Earth...
File:TahitiRaiatea.jpg
TahitiRaiatea.jpg
File:Representation of a human sacrifice in a morai at Otaheite in the presence of Captain Cook and his officers, Le Costume Ancien et Moderne by Giulio Ferrario, 1827.jpg
Representation of a human sacrifice in a...
File:Captain Wallis, on his arrival at O'Taheite, in conversation with Oberea the Queen.jpg
Captain Wallis, on his arrival at...
File:Hodges, Resolution and Adventure in Matavai Bay.jpg
Hodges, Resolution and Adventure in...
File:Thomas Gosse, Transplanting of the bread-fruit trees from Otaheite, 1796, UMKC.jpg
Thomas Gosse, Transplanting of the...
File:Tahitiennes en robe mission.jpg
Tahitiennes en robe mission.jpg
File:TahitiDupetitThouars.jpg
TahitiDupetitThouars.jpg
File:Pomare IV Queen of Tahiti.jpg
Pomare IV Queen of Tahiti.jpg

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