Nepedia
Back to Discover
Advanced Reader
💻

Stanley Ho

technology Maturity 11-13 death dying politics Next article →

This article covers sensitive topics: death_dying, politics. Parents can manage visibility in Parental Controls.

Stanley Ho Hung-sun was a prominent billionaire businessman from Hong Kong and Macau.

Stanley Ho, the Macau casino tribute. A bust to him at the Fundacao Oriente, Lisbon
Stanley Ho, the Macau casino tribute. A bust to him at the Fundacao Oriente, Lisbon

He was the founder and chairman of several massive companies. His most famous role was as the head of SJM Holdings. This company owned nineteen casinos in Macau, including the Grand Lisboa. Because he held a government-granted monopoly on Macau's gambling industry for 40 years, people called him the "King of Gambling." His business influence was so vast that his companies employed nearly one-fourth of the entire workforce in Macau.

Ho's path to wealth began with several specific business steps. During World War II, he made his first fortune by smuggling luxury goods and food across the Chinese border. In 1943, he used that money to start a kerosene company and a construction firm. His biggest breakthrough came in 1961 when he and his partners bid for Macau's gaming monopoly license. They won the public tender for US$410,000, beating the existing casino owners by MOP 17,000. This led to the creation of the company Sociedade de Turismo e Diversões de Macau, or STDM. Shortly after, he opened the Estoril Hotel, which was Macau's first luxury casino resort.

His business empire was built on many different types of industries. Through Shun Tak Holdings, he controlled shipping, real estate, banking, and air transport. One of his subsidiaries, TurboJET, operated one of the world's largest fleets of high-speed jetfoils. These vessels ferried passengers between Hong Kong and Macau. In the 1980s, he also changed how casinos operated. He introduced the practice of subcontracting private gambling rooms to independent agents. This eventually evolved into the VIP contractual system known as the junket trade.

Ho's life was shaped by significant historical shifts and personal achievements. He was born in Hong Kong during British colonial rule. He attended Queen's College, where he became the first student from the lowest academic class to earn a university scholarship. However, the outbreak of World War II in 1942 cut his studies at the University of Hong Kong short. Following the Japanese occupation of Hong Kong, he moved to Macau to begin his clerical work. His ability to adapt to new environments helped him transition from a clerk to a global tycoon.

His wealth was divided among his various family members. His daughter, Pansy Ho, holds an estimated $5.3 billion and owns MGM Macau. His fourth wife, Angela Leong, has $4.1 billion and manages SJM Holdings. His son, Lawrence Ho, has $2.6 billion and owns City of Dreams. Ho's financial reach extended far beyond Macau. He invested in mainland China, Portugal, Vietnam, the Philippines, and even North Korea, where he operated a casino. His business decisions and opinions often had a major impact on the real estate and commercial markets in Hong Kong.

Beyond business, Ho was a dedicated patron of the arts and culture. He was a passionate dancer who loved the tango, cha-cha-cha, and waltz. He frequently sponsored dance performances and invited international groups like the National Ballet of China to perform. Ho also engaged in significant philanthropy by returning historical treasures to China. In 2003 and 2007, he donated bronze heads from the Qing dynasty to the Chinese government. These items had been looted from the Summer Palace in 1860 by French and British armies.

HK PolyU campus Hung Hom J Building Stanley Ho name sign May-2013
HK PolyU campus Hung Hom J Building Stanley Ho name sign May-2013

Ho's legacy is visible in many places today. A building at the Hong Kong Polytechnic University bears his name.

Macau tower 280px
Macau tower 280px

His life was not without complexity, including legal disputes with family members over company ownership. He also faced investigations regarding alleged ties to organized crime in various jurisdictions. Despite these challenges, he remained a central figure in the development of Macau. He died on 26 May 2020 at the Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, leaving behind a massive economic and social footprint in Asia.

644 words

Where will your curiosity go next?

Keep exploring at your chosen reading level.

🖼️ Images & Media (3)
File:Macau tower 280px.jpg
Macau tower 280px.jpg
File:Stanley Ho, the Macau casino tribute. A bust to him at the Fundacao Oriente, Lisbon.jpg
Stanley Ho, the Macau casino tribute. A...
File:HK PolyU campus Hung Hom J Building Stanley Ho name sign May-2013.JPG
HK PolyU campus Hung Hom J Building...
More to explore

What is Nepedia?

A free, ad-free encyclopedia for children. Every article is written at five reading levels, so the same page works for a five-year-old and a fifteen-year-old — use the level switcher above to see this one change. No account needed to read.