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Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte

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Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte is the official administrative capital of Sri Lanka.

Colombo 79.87379E 6.92710N
Colombo 79.87379E 6.92710N

It is located adjacent to Colombo, which serves as the nation's economic capital. The city is bordered by several distinct urban areas. To the north lies the Kolonnawa Urban Council area. The east is bounded by the Kaduwela Municipal Council. To the south-east is Maharagama, and the south-west is Dehiwala-Mount Lavinia. The western boundary meets the Colombo Municipal Council. This city serves as a vital hub for the country's government and legislature.

The history of Kotte began with a natural defensive advantage. The village of Darugama sat at the confluence of two streams. These were the Diyawanna Oya and the Kolonnawa Oya. In the 13th century, a local chieftain named Nissanka Alagakkonara built a fortress here. This structure was known as a jala durgha, or water fortress. It was shaped like a triangle using the two marshes as sides. A large inner moat was dug along the third land side. The city was fortified with thick ramparts made of laterite rock.

Map of Sri Jayawardenapura Kotte (1557 -1565)
Map of Sri Jayawardenapura Kotte (1557 -1565)

In 1391, the city received a grand new name. Following the conquest of Jaffna, it was called Sri Jayawardenepura. This means the resplendent city of growing victory. It served as the capital of the Kingdom of Kotte until the late 16th century. The royal palace was a magnificent three-story structure. Its walls were made of quartz that sparkled in the moonlight. The city featured golden spires, flower gardens, and water springs. It also housed the Dalada Maligawa, which contains the sacred tooth relic of the Buddha. Other important sites included the royal cemetery at Beddagana and the military training ground called Angampitiya.

Foreign influence changed the course of the city's history. The Portuguese arrived on the island in 1505. Although initially welcomed, they soon sought military and economic control. They gained full control of the city by 1565. The city struggled to defend itself against the neighboring Kingdom of Sitawaka. Because of these constant assaults, the Portuguese eventually abandoned Kotte. They moved their capital to Colombo instead. During the 19th century, urbanization began to change the landscape. Many archaeological remains were destroyed to provide building materials. Some of these materials were even used to construct the Victoria Bridge across the Kelani River.

Modern Sri Lanka restored Kotte's importance in the late 20th century. The government designated it as the new capital in 1977. This was intended to relieve the heavy congestion in Colombo. The official relocation was completed in 1982. This milestone was marked by the opening of the new Parliament building.

HSBC Group Service Center, Rajagiriya
HSBC Group Service Center, Rajagiriya

The parliamentary complex is located on Duwa, a 12-acre island. This island sits in the center of a large lake. The lake was created by dredging the surrounding marshlands. Before this, the island was used by Portuguese soldiers. It also previously served as a chicken farm.

Today, Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte is a diverse and busy urban center. According to the 2012 census, the population was 107,508 people. The city is multi-ethnic and multi-religious. Most residents are Sinhalese, making up about 84.89% of the population. Other groups include Sri Lankan Tamil, Sri Lankan Moor, and Burgher communities. Regarding religion, 77.06% of the people are Buddhist. Roman Catholics, Muslims, Hindus, and other Christians also live in the city. This diversity makes the city a complex social environment.

The city provides essential services like education and healthcare. It is home to the University of Sri Jayewardenepura and the Open University of Sri Lanka. Many different types of schools operate here, including national and international institutions. For health, the Sri Jayawardenepura Hospital is a major facility. It was provided as a gift from the Japanese government. The city also has a tropical rainforest climate. This means it stays warm with plenty of rain throughout the year. People also enjoy various sports, especially cricket and football, in the local grounds and stadiums.

Fountain at Diyatha Uyana
Fountain at Diyatha Uyana
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🖼️ Images & Media (4)
File:Map of Sri Jayawardenapura Kotte (1557 -1565).png
Map of Sri Jayawardenapura Kotte (1557 -1565).png
File:Colombo 79.87379E 6.92710N.jpg
Colombo 79.87379E 6.92710N.jpg
File:HSBC Group Service Center, Rajagiriya.jpg
HSBC Group Service Center, Rajagiriya.jpg
File:Fountain at Diyatha Uyana.JPG
Fountain at Diyatha Uyana.JPG
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