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Spanish Town

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Spanish Town is a large and significant town in Jamaica.

Spannish town st catherine parish consil
Spannish town st catherine parish consil

It is located in the parish of St. Catherine within the historic county of Middlesex. The town sits on the west bank of the Rio Cobre river. It is situated near Kingston along several major roads. These include the A1 road, which connects Kingston to Lucea, and the A2 road, which goes to Savanna-la-Mar.

Hakewill, A Picturesque Tour of the Island of Jamaica, Plate 02
Hakewill, A Picturesque Tour of the Island of Jamaica, Plate 02

The town is a major transport hub for buses, mini buses, and taxis.

The history of the town began with the Spanish in 1534. They founded a settlement called Villa de la Vega. This was the first European habitation on the southern part of the island. Before this, indigenous Taino people had lived in the area for about a millennium. The settlement was also known as Santiago de la Vega or St. Jago de la Vega. In 1655, the English conquered Jamaica. They renamed the settlement Spanish Town to honor its original Spanish roots.

Hakewill, A Picturesque Tour of the Island of Jamaica, Plate 01
Hakewill, A Picturesque Tour of the Island of Jamaica, Plate 01

Spanish Town served as the capital of Jamaica for a very long time. It held this position from 1534 until 1872. During the early years of English rule, the town was badly damaged by conquest. Because of this, Port Royal acted as an unofficial capital for a period. However, a massive earthquake devastated Port Royal in 1692. Following this disaster, Spanish Town was rebuilt. It resumed its role as the official capital of the colony.

Proclamation of the abolition of slavery in the Colony of Jamaica, August 1, 1838, in Spanish Town (cropped)
Proclamation of the abolition of slavery in the Colony of Jamaica, August 1, 1838, in Spanish Town (cropped)

Several factors eventually led to the end of Spanish Town's status as the capital. By 1755, lobbyists had created serious rivalry regarding the town's suitability. In 1836, Governor Lionel Smith noted the capital was in ruins. He observed that no commercial, manufacturing, or agricultural concerns were operating there. The situation worsened after the Morant Bay Rebellion of 1865. Consequently, Sir John Peter Grant ordered the capital to move in 1872. The seat of government was relocated to Kingston. Kingston was a larger port and was seen as the natural capital.

Spannish town st catherine parish consil
Spannish town st catherine parish consil

The town contains many important historical and architectural landmarks. The Anglican Church operates a 16th-century cathedral. This is one of the oldest Anglican churches outside of England. Street names also preserve the colonial history of the region. Red Church and White Church streets refer to old Spanish chapels. Monk Street refers to a nearby monastery. Other streets, like Nugent and Manchester, honor British Colonial Governors. The town center features Regency-style buildings. These include the Rodney Memorial and the Old King's House.

Wesleyan Chapel, Spanish Town, Jamaica
Wesleyan Chapel, Spanish Town, Jamaica

Engineering history is also present in the town's landscape. The Old Iron Bridge spans the Rio Cobre. It was designed by Thomas Wilson and built in 1801. The bridge was manufactured by Walker and Company of Rotherham, England. It cost £4,000 to erect at the time. The structure uses four arched ribs supported by massive masonry abutments. Due to the deterioration of these abutments, it was listed by the World Monuments Watch in 1998. A restoration project began in 2004 with funding from American Express.

Hakewill, A Picturesque Tour of the Island of Jamaica, Plate 02
Hakewill, A Picturesque Tour of the Island of Jamaica, Plate 02

Spanish Town remains a busy place with a large population. In 2009, the population was estimated at approximately 160,000 people. The town has a diverse economy and many industries. There are factories for manufacturing dyes from logwood, salt, and rice. Nearby, there are five large sugar estates and a textile mill. The town is also known for producing many famous people. These include the singer and actress Grace Jones.

Grace Jones at Carriageworks (Vivid) - 1st June 2015 08
Grace Jones at Carriageworks (Vivid) - 1st June 2015 08

Other notable figures include sprinter Yohan Blake and singer Chronixx. The town's identity is shaped by this long, complex history.

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🖼️ Images & Media (7)
File:Hakewill, A Picturesque Tour of the Island of Jamaica, Plate 01.jpg
Hakewill, A Picturesque Tour of the...
File:Wesleyan Chapel, Spanish Town, Jamaica.jpg
Wesleyan Chapel, Spanish Town, Jamaica.jpg
File:Proclamation_of_the_abolition_of_slavery_in_the_Colony_of_Jamaica,_August_1,_1838,_in_Spanish_Town_(cropped).jpg
Proclamation_of_the_abolition_of_slavery_i...
File:Spannish town st catherine parish consil.jpg
Spannish town st catherine parish consil.jpg
File:Hakewill, A Picturesque Tour of the Island of Jamaica, Plate 02.jpg
Hakewill, A Picturesque Tour of the...
File:Grace Jones at Carriageworks (Vivid) - 1st June 2015 08.jpg
Grace Jones at Carriageworks (Vivid) -...
File:Khadija Shaw.jpg
Khadija Shaw.jpg
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