Nepedia
Back to Discover
Advanced Reader
🎨

Smokey Robinson

arts Maturity 9-11 mythology war conflict Next article →

This article covers sensitive topics: mythology, war_conflict. Parents can manage visibility in Parental Controls.

William "Smokey" Robinson Jr. is a highly influential American singer, songwriter, and record producer. He is a central figure in the history of R&B (rhythm and blues) and soul music. Robinson is perhaps most famous for founding and leading the Miracles, a pioneering vocal group. He also served as a key executive at Motown Records. His work helped define the sound of an entire era of popular music.

The Miracles (1962 Tamla publicity photo)
The Miracles (1962 Tamla publicity photo)

Robinson's musical career began with a group of childhood friends in Detroit. In 1955, he formed a doo-wop group called the Five Chimes. The group later changed its name to the Matadors. Eventually, they became known as the Miracles. Robinson was the group's frontman, chief songwriter, and producer. He worked closely with guitarist Marv Tarplin, who helped compose many musical pieces. This collaboration was essential to the group's success.

Smokey Robinson 2
Smokey Robinson 2

In 1957, Robinson met Berry Gordy, the founder of Motown Records. During an audition, Robinson presented a "Big 10" notebook. This notebook contained 100 songs he had written while in high school. Gordy was impressed by Robinson's vocal talent and his songwriting ambition. This meeting led to the Miracles becoming one of the first acts on the Motown label. Their song "Shop Around," released in late 1960, became Motown's first million-selling hit. This success helped establish the label's dominance in the music industry.

Between 1960 and 1970, Robinson achieved massive success as a songwriter and producer. He produced 26 top forty hits for the Miracles. These included the number-one hit "The Tears of a Clown." Robinson's influence extended to many other famous Motown artists. He wrote hits like "My Girl" for the Temptations and "My Guy" for Mary Wells. He also penned songs for the Four Tops and the Marvelettes. His ability to write for various artists made him a cornerstone of the Motown era.

Robinson's career included a significant period as a corporate executive. In the mid-1960s, he became a vice president at Motown Records. He held this position until 1972, when he briefly retired from the group to focus on leadership. He eventually returned to the music industry as a solo artist in 1973. This transition was not always easy. He faced challenges like writer's block and competition from other Motown stars. However, he overcame these obstacles through collaboration and persistence.

Zubin Mehta laughs with singers Dolly Parton and William Smokey Robinson during a reception for the Kennedy Center honorees
Zubin Mehta laughs with singers Dolly Parton and William Smokey Robinson during a reception for the Kennedy Center honorees

As a solo artist, Robinson achieved several major milestones. His song "Cruisin'" became his first solo top ten Pop single. In 1981, his ballad "Being with You" reached number one on the UK Singles Chart. This became his most successful single to date. In 1988, his album "One Heartbeat" sold over 900,000 copies in the United States alone. That same year, he won a Grammy Award for the song "Just to See Her." These successes proved his lasting appeal as a performer.

Robinson's legacy is recognized by many prestigious institutions. He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a solo artist in 1988. The Hall of Fame later corrected an error by inducting the Miracles as a group in 2012. He is also a double Hollywood Walk of Fame inductee. In 2016, he received the Library of Congress Gershwin Prize for his lifetime contributions to music. His impact is seen in the many artists who continue to use the "quiet storm" radio format, named after his 1975 album.

Doug Jones and Smokey Robinson
Doug Jones and Smokey Robinson
568 words

Where will your curiosity go next?

Keep exploring at your chosen reading level.

🖼️ Images & Media (4)
File:The Miracles (1962 Tamla publicity photo).jpg
The Miracles (1962 Tamla publicity photo).jpg
File:Smokey Robinson 2.jpg
Smokey Robinson 2.jpg
File:Doug Jones and Smokey Robinson.jpg
Doug Jones and Smokey Robinson.jpg
File:Zubin Mehta laughs with singers Dolly Parton and William Smokey Robinson during a reception for the Kennedy Center honorees.jpg
Zubin Mehta laughs with singers Dolly...
More to explore

🔬 Go deeper

More advanced topics to explore

🪜 Step back

Simpler topics to build understanding

What is Nepedia?

A free, ad-free encyclopedia for children. Every article is written at five reading levels, so the same page works for a five-year-old and a fifteen-year-old — use the level switcher above to see this one change. No account needed to read.