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Scott Joplin

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Scott Joplin was a highly influential American composer and pianist.

Scott Joplin 1907 (transparent)
Scott Joplin 1907 (transparent)

He is widely recognized as the "King of Ragtime." This title reflects his massive contribution to the genre. Joplin composed more than 40 ragtime pieces during his career. He also wrote a ragtime ballet and two full operas. Joplin viewed ragtime as a serious form of classical music. He believed these works belonged in grand concert halls. He often disagreed with those who played ragtime as loud "honky tonk" music in saloons.

Maple Leaf Rag
Maple Leaf Rag

Joplin's musical journey began with his family in the American South. His father, Giles, was a former slave who played the violin. His mother, Florence, was a freeborn African-American woman who played the banjo. This musical environment allowed Joplin to begin learning the piano at age seven. His education was greatly shaped by Julius Weiss, a German-born music professor. Weiss was a Jewish immigrant who had studied music at a German university. Despite facing social prejudice, Weiss taught Joplin for free. He helped the family acquire a used piano. Weiss also introduced Joplin to complex forms like opera and classical music. Joplin remained grateful to his teacher throughout his entire life.

As a teenager, Joplin transitioned from a student to a professional musician. He left his job as a railroad laborer to travel and find work. In the late 1880s, he performed in various musical groups. He eventually learned that opportunities for Black pianists were often limited. He found steady work playing "jig-piano" in various districts across the South. A major turning point occurred during the 1893 World's Fair in Chicago. This exposition attracted 27 million visitors to the city. The fair helped transform ragtime into a national craze by 1897. Joplin even formed a band there, playing the cornet and arranging music.

In 1894, Joplin moved to Sedalia, Missouri, to work as a piano teacher. He taught several students who would later become famous ragtime composers themselves. During this period, he began publishing his own original compositions. His first published works appeared in 1895 in Syracuse, New York. In 1896, he published the "Great Crush Collision March." This piece commemorated a train crash he may have witnessed on a railroad. In 1899, Joplin signed a contract with publisher John Stillwell Stark. This partnership led to the release of his most famous work, the "Maple Leaf Rag." This piece became the quintessential example of the ragtime style.

WallStreetRagcover
WallStreetRagcover

The success of the "Maple Leaf Rag" changed Joplin's life. While some claims suggest it sold one million copies, research shows different figures. The initial print run was 400 copies, which took one year to sell. However, the song provided Joplin with a steady and reliable income. By 1909, his royalties provided him with approximately $600 annually. In modern currency, this is roughly equivalent to $16,968. This success allowed him to be called the "King of rag time writers." He used this fame to publish other works like "The Easy Winners." His music served as a blueprint for hundreds of future composers.

Joplin's later years involved moving to larger cities like St. Louis and New York.

Scott Joplin House
Scott Joplin House

In St. Louis, he collaborated with Scott Hayden on several ragtime pieces. He also composed famous works such as "The Entertainer" and "March Majestic." In 1901, he married his first wife, Belle Jones. However, his life faced significant personal and health challenges. He lost his only daughter in 1903. He also struggled with the loss of his first opera, "A Guest of Honor," which was confiscated due to unpaid bills. By 1916, Joplin suffered from dementia caused by neurosyphilis. His death in 1917 is often seen as the end of the ragtime era.

Bethena
Bethena
The Sting (1973 alt poster)
The Sting (1973 alt poster)

Even after his death, Joplin's musical legacy experienced a massive revival. In the early 1970s, his music was rediscovered by a new generation. A recording by Joshua Rifkin sold one million copies. This resurgence was bolstered by the 1973 film "The Sting." The movie featured several of Joplin's famous compositions. Other honors followed, including the production of his opera "Treemonisha" in 1972. In 1976, Joplin was posthumously awarded the prestigious Pulitzer Prize. His work remains a vital connection to the history of American musical culture.

Scott Joplin Memorial bench 20200806 110917
Scott Joplin Memorial bench 20200806 110917
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🖼️ Images & Media (10)
File:Maple Leaf Rag.PNG
Maple Leaf Rag.PNG
File:Scott Joplin House.jpg
Scott Joplin House.jpg
File:Bethena.jpg
Bethena.jpg
File:Scott Joplin 1907 (transparent).png
Scott Joplin 1907 (transparent).png
File:WallStreetRagcover.jpg
WallStreetRagcover.jpg
File:Scott Joplin Memorial bench 20200806 110917.jpg
Scott Joplin Memorial bench 20200806 110917.jpg
File:Treemonisha cover.jpg
Treemonisha cover.jpg
File:Scott Joplin TxHM.jpg
Scott Joplin TxHM.jpg
File:Scott Joplin St.Louis Walk of Fame 1996.jpg
Scott Joplin St.Louis Walk of Fame 1996.jpg
File:The Sting (1973 alt poster).jpeg
The Sting (1973 alt poster).jpeg
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