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Saint

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A saint is a person recognized for having a very high level of holiness.

San Francesco
San Francesco

In many religions, these individuals are seen as being very close to the divine. The word comes from the Latin word sanctus, which means holy or consecrated. Some people also use the word hallow to describe these holy individuals. This word is still seen today in names like All Hallows' Eve.

Greek School - Icon of Saint John the Baptist - 1102557 - National Trust
Greek School - Icon of Saint John the Baptist - 1102557 - National Trust

Historians use the term more broadly to describe special people in many different faiths. This includes the Hindu rishi, the Sikh guru, and the Buddhist bodhisattva. Each tradition has its own special way of honoring these holy figures.

Different religions have different ways of recognizing a saint. In the Catholic Church, a saint is often officially named through a process called canonization. This means the church formally declares that the person is in Heaven. Other traditions, like the Eastern Orthodox Church, use a process called glorification. In some Christian groups, like the Plymouth Brethren, the word refers to any holy person. Some people are recognized by official rules, while others are honored by popular belief.

Святой, фреска 12 века из церкви св. Георгия в Старой Ладоге
Святой, фреска 12 века из церкви св. Георгия в Старой Ладоге

These people often serve as models for others to follow in their lives.

Many people believe saints have special qualities that make them unique. Some thinkers suggest they are extraordinary teachers or wonderworkers. They might be seen as people who have a special connection to the holy. Some saints may even be seen as sources of benevolent power.

Saint Onuphrius Emmanuel Tzanes
Saint Onuphrius Emmanuel Tzanes

They might live lives that refuse material comforts or wealth. An anthropologist named Lawrence Babb described them as focal points of spiritual force. He noted that they can have a powerful influence on their followers. This influence can change the inner lives of those who look up to them.

History shows how the recognition of saints has changed over time. In the early Christian years, the word often referred to all believers as a group. In the Catholic tradition, the power to name saints became more centralized. On January 3, 993, Pope John XV canonized Bishop Ulrich of Augsburg. This was the first time a pope named a saint from outside Rome. Later, in 1170, Pope Alexander III made it a rule that only the Pope could canonize saints in the Latin Church.

Listopad - Kalendář koruny české na obyčejný rok 1867 - detail
Listopad - Kalendář koruny české na obyčejný rok 1867 - detail

This helped create a more official way to honor these figures.

Saints are often linked to many parts of daily life and culture. People may ask saints to pray to God on their behalf. This act of asking for prayer is called intercession. A saint might also be a patron saint for a specific job or a place.

AugsburgConfessionXXIOfTheWorshipoftheSaints
AugsburgConfessionXXIOfTheWorshipoftheSaints

Some people even respect relics, which are objects connected to a saint. These practices help people feel a connection to the holy through the lives of others. Whether through official names or popular stories, saints remain important in many traditions around the world.

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🖼️ Images & Media (7)
File:Greek School - Icon of Saint John the Baptist - 1102557 - National Trust.jpg
Greek School - Icon of Saint John the...
File:San Francesco.jpg
San Francesco.jpg
File:Святой, фреска 12 века из церкви св. Георгия в Старой Ладоге.jpg
Святой, фреска 12 века из церкви св....
File:Saint Onuphrius Emmanuel Tzanes.png
Saint Onuphrius Emmanuel Tzanes.png
File:AugsburgConfessionXXIOfTheWorshipoftheSaints.JPG
AugsburgConfessionXXIOfTheWorshipoftheSaints.JPG
File:Listopad - Kalendář koruny české na obyčejný rok 1867 - detail.jpg
Listopad - Kalendář koruny české na...
File:Kanua Baba.jpg
Kanua Baba.jpg
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