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Redd Foxx

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John Elroy Sanford, known professionally as Redd Foxx, was a highly influential American stand-up comedian and actor.

Redd Foxx 1977
Redd Foxx 1977

He was a pioneer in the comedy industry, particularly for Black performers. Foxx achieved massive success through his nightclub routines and his iconic television roles. His work helped redefine the Black situation comedy genre on television. He was honored by being ranked 24th in Comedy Central's "100 Greatest Stand-ups of All Time." His legacy includes a star on the St. Louis Walk of Fame, awarded in 1992.

Foxx's career followed a path from nightclubs to massive television stardom. He began by performing raunchy comedy acts in nightclubs. This success led to a breakthrough in Los Angeles after singer Dinah Washington recommended him. He became one of the first Black comics to perform for white audiences on the Las Vegas Strip. He also became a major figure in the music industry. Known as the "King of the Party Records," he performed on more than 50 comedy records. He released these albums across a half-dozen different record labels.

His most significant work was the television sitcom *Sanford and Son*. The show premiered on NBC on January 14, 1972, and ran for six seasons.

Redd Foxx 1977
Redd Foxx 1977

Foxx played Fred G. Sanford, an older man running a junk and salvage store in Watts, California. He starred alongside Demond Wilson, who played his son, Lamont. The show was famous for its racial humor and overt prejudices. These elements helped shape the way Black life was portrayed in comedies. During its run, Foxx won a Golden Globe Award and earned several other nominations.

Foxx's early life provided the foundation for his later identity. He was born on December 9, 1922, in St. Louis, Missouri. He was raised on the South Side of Chicago. His father, Fred Sanford, was a World War I veteran who worked as an electrician and mechanic. Foxx attended DuSable High School in the Bronzeville neighborhood. In his youth, he worked as a dishwasher in Harlem. There, he befriended Malcolm Little, who later became known as Malcolm X. Because both men had reddish hair, they were given nicknames. Foxx was called "Chicago Red," while Malcolm was known as "Detroit Red."

Despite his professional success, Foxx faced significant financial challenges later in life. He reportedly earned as much as $4 million in a single year. However, a lavish lifestyle and what he called "very bad management" depleted his wealth. He experienced several divorces that were quite costly. For example, his divorce from his second wife, Betty Jean, involved monthly support payments of $10,000. He also paid a $300,000 settlement during his third divorce. In 1983, he filed for bankruptcy, and legal proceedings continued for many years.

Tax issues also heavily impacted his later years. The IRS filed liens against his property for unpaid income taxes. In 1989, the IRS seized his Las Vegas home and seven vehicles. These included a 1927 Model T and a 1983 Zimmer. Agents also seized approximately $12,769 in cash and a dozen guns. By the time of his death, it was reported that he owed more than $3.6 million in taxes. These financial struggles occurred even as he continued to work in various television projects.

Foxx's death occurred under circumstances that many found ironic. On October 11, 1991, he suffered a real heart attack while rehearsing for *The Royal Family*. He was on a television set, chatting with a reporter, when the event happened.

Because his famous character, Fred Sanford, often faked heart attacks, his castmates initially thought he was joking. He was taken to a medical center but was pronounced dead four and a half hours later. He is buried at Palm Memorial Park.

His life remains a study of immense cultural impact and personal complexity.

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