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Punch and Judy

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Punch and Judy is a traditional English puppet show.

Punch and judy at a fete
Punch and judy at a fete

It features the anarchic Mr. Punch and his wife, Judy. The performance consists of short, fast scenes. Each scene shows an interaction between two characters. Most often, Punch uses a large stick called a slapstick. He uses it to perform intentional violence against others. This style of comedy often provokes shocked laughter from the audience. The show is a staple of the British seaside scene.

Islington Punch and Judy
Islington Punch and Judy

A single puppeteer performs inside a small booth. This performer is known as a "professor" or a "punchman." During the Victorian era, they were sometimes assisted by a "bottler." The bottler's job was to corral the audience. They also introduced the show and collected money, which was called "the bottle." A bottler might play music on a drum or guitar. They might also engage in back-chat with the puppets. This helped the audience understand lines that were hard to hear. Today, most professors work alone at private parties or public events.

The show uses a special device called a swazzle or swatchel.

Mr-Punch-by-Guy-Higgins
Mr-Punch-by-Guy-Higgins

The professor holds this device in his mouth. It produces a distinctive, squeaky, squawking voice for Mr. Punch. This makes his voice sound like a kazoo. The name "Judy" was chosen because it was easier to say with the swazzle than "Joan." This vocal quality is so vital that some believe a show without it is not a true Punch and Judy show. The professor must switch his voice back and forth when speaking as other characters.

Originally, these were marionette shows using strings. However, they were later reinvented as glove puppet shows. This change allowed for much more violent and rapid movements. Strings would have caused too much obstruction. To operate the glove puppets, a puppeteer uses their fingers in a specific way. They place the thumb in one arm and the other fingers in the second arm. The index finger is used to control the head.

Punch and Judy 1940 V1-FL9618977
Punch and Judy 1940 V1-FL9618977

This method allows for the aggressive style the character requires.

The show has deep roots in the 17th-century Italian commedia dell'arte. The character of Punch is derived from the Neapolitan character Pulcinella. In England, this name was anglicized to Punchinello. The first recorded performance in England took place on May 9, 1662.

Punch Plaque Covent Garden
Punch Plaque Covent Garden

This date is traditionally celebrated as Punch's UK birthday. The show emerged during the Restoration Period. This followed the rule of Oliver Cromwell, who had banned theater in 1642. When King Charles II took the throne in 1660, theater culture was revived. The public had a huge demand for entertainment after years of repression.

The cast of characters is not fixed like a strict script. It is more like a folk tale where principal characters must appear. Common characters include the Baby, a hungry crocodile, a clown, and a policeman.

Punch and Judy 1940 V1-FL9618977
Punch and Judy 1940 V1-FL9618977

Other characters like the Devil or the Hangman may appear. If they do, Punch always wins the encounter. Some older characters, like the Devil or Pretty Polly, were removed in the late Victorian era. This happened because the show changed from adult entertainment to children's entertainment. The booth itself changed too. Early booths used inexpensive cloth, but modern iconic booths are red-and-white-striped.

'Punch and Judy' Show, Weymouth Beach. - geograph.org.uk - 1146108
'Punch and Judy' Show, Weymouth Beach. - geograph.org.uk - 1146108

Punch and Judy has left a mark on the English language. The phrase "pleased as Punch" comes from Mr. Punch's sense of self-satisfaction. The show remains a major part of summer holidays. You can see it at carnivals, festivals, and seaside resorts.

Swanage Punch & Judy
Swanage Punch & Judy

Audiences are often encouraged to participate. They might shout "He's behind you!" to warn the puppets of danger. This interaction keeps the tradition alive and engaging for new generations.

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🖼️ Images & Media (10)
File:Swanage Punch & Judy.JPG
Swanage Punch & Judy.JPG
File:Punch and judy at a fete.jpg
Punch and judy at a fete.jpg
File:Punch Plaque Covent Garden.jpg
Punch Plaque Covent Garden.jpg
File:Benjamin Robert Haydon (1786-1846) - Punch or May Day - N00682 - National Gallery.jpg
Benjamin Robert Haydon (1786-1846) -...
File:'Punch and Judy' Show, Weymouth Beach. - geograph.org.uk - 1146108.jpg
'Punch and Judy' Show, Weymouth Beach. -...
File:Islington Punch and Judy.JPG
Islington Punch and Judy.JPG
File:Punch and Judy 1940 V1-FL9618977.jpg
Punch and Judy 1940 V1-FL9618977.jpg
File:Mr-Punch-by-Guy-Higgins.jpg
Mr-Punch-by-Guy-Higgins.jpg
File:Hitler Punch and Judy Show.jpg
Hitler Punch and Judy Show.jpg
File:Punch magazine cover 1916 april 26 volume 150 no 3903.png
Punch magazine cover 1916 april 26 volume...
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